The Davidson Family

Fig 0.1 - Davidson Clan Crest (4)

The surname "Davidson" is a patronymic name and comes from "son of David" or "David's son"  (1). The forename David is biblical and means "beloved" so Davidson equals "son of the beloved" (1) & (2).

Davidson was my maiden name and I always assumed I would be a descendant of the Scottish Davidson clan (3) but have not yet found a link to the clan or Scotland.


Davidson is also known to be a common anglicised Jewish name from "son of King David" from the Bible, so instead of being Scottish perhaps we're Jewish (1).

The family crest generally used for the surname Davidson is the  Scottish Davidson clan crest and motto "Sapienter si sincere" meaning "Wisely if sincerely" (3). (Fig 0.1)

Copyright © 2013 Ruth Hogan

My Davidson Family

Surnames: Davidson (Davison), Dunmall (Dunmale), Ellis, Hair (Hare or Haire), Hall, Homan (Homans), Johnson, Kay, Peacock, Redwood, Seddon, Sutton & Westerman.

Places: London (esp Woolwich, Kent & Poplar, Middlesex), Hull in East Yorkshire, Herne in Kent, York in North Yorkshire & Horsforth nr Leeds in West Yorkshire.

Chapter 1 - Our Earliest Ancestor (John Davidson c1800-c1837)     read Chapter 1

Chapter 2 - Life as a Young Widow in Victorian London (Charlotte Dunmall 1805-1866)     read Chapter 2
Chapter 3 - Charlotte's Later Years with Michael Lester (Charlotte Dunmall 1805-1866     read Chapter 3

Chapter 4 - Two Decade's of Davidson Weddings and the Next Generations     read Chapter 4

• Eliza (1829-1911)
• Thomas (1827-?)
• Henry (1838-1928)
• John (1832-1897)

Chapter 5 - Who were the Redwood's? (Jane Redwood 1827-1894)     read Chapter 5

Chapter 6 - The Redwood Siblings     read Chapter 6

• Stephen (1819-c1905)
• William (1820-1894)
• Louisa (1825-1914)
• Alfred (c1833-1897)
• George (c1832-?), Jesse (c1836-?), Augustus (c1838-?) and Charles (c1840-?)

Chapter 7 - The lives of John (1832-1897) and Jane (1827-1894) in London     read Chapter 7

Chapter 8 - The Davidson families in Hull, East Yorkshire     read Chapter 8

• Louisa Elizabeth (1856-1911)
• George (1860-1917)
• Alfred (1863-c1940)
• Edward (1866-1828)
• John (1832-1897) & Jane (1827-1894)

Chapter 9 - An Introduction to the Hair's of Kingston upon Hull, East Yorkshire     read Chapter 9

• Hair, Haire or Hare
• The latter generations of Hair's in my ancestral line
• Sarah Elizabeth (1858-1936)
• Thomas William (1859-1882)
• Hannah (1861-?)
• Martha (1862-1829)
• Charles (1865-1903)
• Harry (1866-?)
• Julia (1868-1955)
• William (1869-1953)
• Emily (1871-1952)
• James (1873-1954)
• Joseph Sinden (1875-1945)
• Frederick (1877-1949)

Chapter 10 - The Oil Millers - Charles Hair (1832-1892) & Thomas Hair (1802-1885)     read Chapter 10
Chapter 11 - Hull in the 18th Century - The Seddon family     read Chapter 11

• Hull in the 18th Century
• Seddon, Sedan, Siddon, Seden, Sedon
• Sarah Seddon (1801-1841)
• John Seddon (1769-?) and Elizabeth Hall (c1770-?)
• John Seddon (1745-1788) and Elizabeth Johnson (c1750-?)
• Mordecai Seddon (c1720-1774)

Chapter 12 - The maternal lines of my Davidson ancestry     read Chapter 12

• The Peacock's (Mary Jane Peacock 1833-1908 & William Peacock 1799-c1861)
• The Kay's (Ann Kay 1804-1863 & Ralph Kay 1773-1853)

Chapter 13 - The detailed life of Edward Davidson (1866-1928) and Martha Hair (1862-1929) in Hull from his notebook     read Chapter 13
Chapter 14 - The Davidson boys into the 20th Century     read Chapter 14

• Uncle Ted (Edward) Davidson (1886-?)
• Walter Davidson (1888-1969)

Chapter 1 - Our Earliest Ancestor (John Davidson c1800-c1837)

John Davidson is the oldest Davidson ancestor known to me. He was born in approximately 1800 and was a Royal Marine Bandsman (5) & (6).

Fig 1.1 - Royal Marines Montevideo Jan 1972 (7)

It was common in the early 1800's for the Royal Marines Training Schools to take in boys of 'a good background' who had come to desperate means. If the boys had not been taken in by the schools they would have been left to fend for themselves on the streets of London which could lead to them becoming child street paupers, thieves or worse. The Schools took the boys under their wings and trained them to have skills for life and offered prospects of employment when they became of age.

The Royal Marines Band has a history back to 1767. The role of the bandsmen was to keep a regular beat to enable the men to keep in step when marching, but their beats were also used as signals on the battlefield or in camp. They played on the ships during the Napoleonic Wars in 1805 but were also trained for military operational roles as well (8).

John married Charlotte Dunmall (or Dunmale), the daughter of Richard Dunmall, a quarterman at Her Majesty's (HM) Dockyard (9). They married on the 5th July 1826 at St George Church, Hanover Square in London (10). (Fig 1.2)

Fig 1.2 - Excerpt from marriage records of St George Church,
Hanover Square, Middlesex (10)

At the dockyard, the shipwrights (specialist carpenter's involved in shipbuilding and repairing) (11) would work together in gangs which would be overseen by a quarterman such as Richard Dunmall. He worked at a HM dockyard which was a dock specifically for Naval vessels, such as Deptford or Woolwich (12). John Davidson would also have worked through these docks with his base at Woolwich with the Royal Marines. A common ground in which to meet his wife, Charlotte.

John and Charlotte's first child was a son whom they named Thomas. He was born on the 1st November 1827 in Woolwich, London and was baptised at Woolwich Parish Church in Kent. John's occupation is clearly noted in the parish records of his son's baptism (5). (Fig 1.3)

Fig 1.3 - Excerpt from Baptism records of
Woolwich Parish Church, Kent (5)

Their second child, Eliza, was born circa 1829 in Woolwich (13) & (14) and her birth was followed by that of their second son and my great, great, great grandfather, John Davidson, born on 27th December 1832 also in Woolwich, Kent (15) & (16). John's full date of birth is known as it is recorded in a family bible started by himself which has been passed down through the generations to my father's cousins. John and Charlotte would have one last son together circa 1837, named Henry before John (senior) sadly passed away (16) & (17). (Tree 1)

Tree 1 - John & Charlotte's children

It is unfortunate John senior died so prematurely, he would not have had the opportunity to see his children grow up and his death created financial difficulties for that of his widow, Charlotte.

Copyright © 2013 Ruth Hogan

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Chapter 2 - Life as a Young Widow in Victorian London (Charlotte Dunmall 1805-1866)

After the death of her husband John, life would have been quite challenging for Charlotte. She was a young widow, with four children under the age of ten years old living in London in the early years of Victoria's reign. From reading the Dickens' novel Oliver Twist  (18)  (first published 1838) we learn what life was like for the poor and destitute children, a daily struggle to make ends meet.  John would have been the main breadwinner bringing in a steady wage from the Royal Marines, but what happened when he died?

In 1841, the census records Charlotte living in Harrington Buildings in Woolwich, Greenwich with her youngest two children (16) (Fig 2.1). She was working and living as a laundress to bring in the pennies but she may also have received a small pension from the Royal Marines. Her abode, Harrington's Buildings, is described in an English Heritage document as: "poor housing" and "was in multiple occupation...it mainly accommodated labourers" (19) (www.english-heritage.org.uk). Multiple occupation would mean many families living together in a small proximity. She was a tough lady working as a laundress which in the 1840s involved huge amounts of hard labour alongside bringing up a young family alone, a tough existence.

Fig 2.1 - 1841 census showing Charlotte, John & Henry (16)

In the 1841 census, her eldest son, Thomas, is recorded as living at the Royal Hospital Schools in Woolwich as a school boy (20) (Fig 2.2). Did they get a place at the school for Thomas due to his father's work status or perhaps Charlotte could not support all four of her children at home? 

                 Fig 2.2 - 1841 census of Royal Hospital School, Woolwich (20)          

In 1845, their lives improve when Charlotte re-marries at St Mary Magdalene Church in Woolwich, the same church in which her eldest son was baptised as a baby, eighteen years earlier (5) & (9). She married Michael Lester who was a widowed engineer by trade with children from his previous marriage (Fig 2.3). I am curious as to whether she married for love or for financial or circumstantial reasons?

By the time of her marriage, Richard Dunmall, Charlotte's father had already passed away, but it is on her detailed marriage certificate that we learn of his previous occupation (9). (Fig 2.3)

Fig 2.3 - Copy of marriage certificate of Charlotte Davidson and Michael Lester (9)

Her children were growing up and Charlotte had remarried, so she was no longer having to endure the hardships of being a young widow with four children to support. Her children were becoming self-sufficient earning their own livings and marrying where as she had the comfort of having a husband with an income to help keep her and the children, perhaps life was getting better for the family.

Copyright © 2012 Ruth Hogan

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Chapter 3 - Charlotte's Later Years with Michael Lester (Charlotte Dunmall 1805-1866)

Charlotte and Michael in their older age had another child together, whom they named Edward. Edward Lester was born in Woolwich, Kent on the 10th October 1847 (21). Between them they had seven children which they were responsible for (Tree 2) (5), (13), (14) & (17).

Tree 2 - The Lester-Davidson families  (5), (13), (14) & (17)

By 1851, Charlotte and Michael had moved from Woolwich across the river to Chelsea. The census informs us that both families, Lester's and Davidson's were living together on South Street, Chelsea (17). John, my 3x great grandfather was now a smith's labourer aged 20 and his younger brother Henry was aged 13 but remained in school. Also living with the Lester-Davidson family on the census night was a Martha Davidson, married aged 22 (Fig 3.1), but as the relationship to the head of household is not complete we cannot be sure who she was or how she was related to the family.

Fig 3.1 - 1851 census of the Davidson/Lester family (17)

In 1861, Michael and Charlotte lived on Chrisp Street in Poplar (22) . (Old photos can be seen of Chrisp Street in Poplar at the following webpages: East London Postcard, Idea Store & History in Pictures)  Michael was working as an engine fitter and his son, David, was working in a similar line of trade as an assistant boiler fitter. Due to their close proximity to the large Poplar docks one can presume that they were employed in some form of industry at the docks. Michael and Charlotte's son, Edward, was still of school age but they also had Charlotte's granddaughter (Eliza's daughter), Charlotte Crout residing with them (22).

Charlotte's son, John and his family were living in close proximity to the family, further down the same road (23). (More about them to follow)

Unfortunately five years later Charlotte passed away, the death was registered in the July to September quarter of 1866 in the township of Poplar, London (24). She would have had at least seventeen grandchildren at the time of her death. Her husband followed a few years later passing away on the 17th July 1869 in Poplar, London (25). 

Now, lets find out about the lives of her descendants in the following chapters.

Copyright © 2013 Ruth Hogan

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Chapter 4 - Two Decade's of Davidson Weddings and the Next Generations

From the late 1840's Charlotte's family started to grow, with the marriages of her children and the birth of many grandchildren. All of her children, apart from my great, great, great grandfather, John were married twice - below is a timeline of all of their marriages. (Timeline 1)

Timeline 1 - The Davidson Weddings (6), (9), (13), (26), (27), (28), (29), (30) & (31)

The above marriages produced a whole new generation of Davidson ancestors with at least twenty-six grandchildren for Charlotte.

Tree 3 - John & Charlotte's grandchildren (for references see written material)

Let's now take a look at a summary of the lives of all of Charlotte's children, starting with...

Fig 4.1 - All Saints Church, Poplar, London (41)

...Eliza (1829-1911). She was the first of Charlotte's children to marry  (28). She married a boiler maker, Joseph William Crout (29) & (32) (born 29th May 1822 in Woolwich, Kent (33)) in July to September quarter of 1849 in Lewisham, London (28). Eliza and Joseph went onto have at least six children:

• Elizabeth born 23rd May 1850 in Woolwich, Kent  (34)
• Charlotte born 21st October 1852 in Marshall Grove, Woolwich, Kent (35)
• Jane born 20th October 1855 in Poplar, London  (34)
• Henry John born in the third quarter of 1858 in Poplar, London (36), who only lived to be about six months old (37)
• Catherine born 30 April 1859 in Poplar, London (38), who also died as an infant  (39)
• Thomas born in 1862 in Poplar, London (40)

Catherine was baptised on the 25th November 1861 at Poplar All Saints Church (38) and a few years later, her sisters, Elizabeth and Jane were also baptised here on 23rd March 1862 along with their maternal cousins George and Louisa Davidson (34) (Fig 4.1 & 4.2). Charlotte was baptised much later as an adult (35), but whether this was because during her childhood she lived with her maternal grandmother, Charlotte Lester  (22).

Fig 4.2 - Excerpt from Baptism Records of All Saints Church, Poplar, Middlesex (34)

Eliza was widowed on 24th April 1863 (42) only a month after the christening of their children (34), but soon remarried later that same year. On the 8th November 1863, she married for the second time to another boiler maker known as Henry Copeland (13) (born circa 1825 (13)).

Eliza and Henry had three more sons together, making a total of nine children for her. Her sons with Henry were:

• Elijah, whose birth was registered in the first quarter of 1866 in Canning Town, London (43)
• Henry born circa 1868 in Canning Town, London (44)
• Peter, whose birth was registered in the second quarter of 1872 in Greenwich, London (45)

Fig 4.3 - Workroom at a Workhouse (46)

In the 1881 census, Henry (senior) is listed as being blind in one eye (44) (Fig 4.4) and latterly lived in Greenwich Union Workhouse  (47) where he eventually died on the 10th January 1904 (48). It appears that Henry was the only member of the family to be condemned to the workhouse.

Life was not pleasant in the workhouses, the inmates would have been overworked and under fed. Most people entered the workhouse voluntarily but as a last resort when they became unable to support themselves or their family. The workhouses housed those unable to provide for themselves due to unemployment, mental health problems, sickness, disabilities as well as unmarried women who found themselves pregnant and abandoned by their family. If whole families entered the workhouse, the men, the women and the children would all be separated with no or little contact with the rest of the family throughout their time in the workhouse. It was very difficult to see a way out of the workhouse although it was possible for those who were determined (49).

Fig 4.4 - Excerpt from 1881 census return of Greenwich (44)

Before her death in early 1911 (50), Eliza was living with her youngest son, Peter and his family in Woolwich (Fig 4.5)  (51). She was aged seventy five years old and was still working as a nurse (51). There were no state pensions in those days, so one would have worked in their old age unless they could support themselves or had a family member financially able to support them.

Fig 4.5 - Excerpt from 1901 census return of Greenwich (51)

Thomas (1827-?), the eldest child to John and Charlotte was the next to get wed. He married Martha Tull (born 20th Feb 1829 in St George in the East area of London (52)) on 12th December 1852 at St Nicholas Church in Plumstead, London (27).

Thomas was a seaman and on the night of the 7th April 1861 he was listed on board the Tasmania boat (53) (Fig 4.6) which left Martha at home alone with the children in Poplar, Middlesex (54)  (Fig 4.7). As a seaman Thomas could have worked away from home a lot and depending on how far he travelled he might have been away for weeks or months at a time.

Fig 4.6 - Excerpt from 1861 census of those listed on the Tasmania boat (53)

Fig 4.7 - Excerpt from 1861 census from Elizabeth Place, Poplar (54)

Despite Thomas's absence they had at least 4 children:

• Ellen born circa 1855 in Norwood, Kent (54),
• Thomas William born on 9th May 1856 in Poplar, Middlesex (54) & (55),
• Mary born circa 1859 in Lambeth, Surrey (54),
• Martha born early 1861 in St Pancras, Middlesex (54).

Sadly, Martha passed away at the young age of thirty four years old leaving her husband and four young children between the ages of eight and two years old. Her death was registered in the July to September quarter of 1863 in Poplar, London (56).

Thomas remarried a few years later on the 29th April 1866 to Harriett Bailey at St George the Martyr Church in London  (26). Harriett would become step-mother to his children, but it would only be a few months later that the family lost it's youngest member, Martha, she was only five years old (57).

In 1871, Thomas's daughter Mary was living in Poplar with her step-mother, Harriett who was described as a storekeeper's wife, but yet again Thomas is not listed in the family home on the census night (58). Was he yet again working away at sea? From here Thomas and his family becomes lost to the records thus far.

Fig 4.8 -  St Nicholas Church, Plumstead, Kent (60)

Henry (1838-1928), the youngest son to John and Charlotte had an interesting life of rags to riches.

Remembering back, Henry was born not long before his father passed away and in 1841 was living in poverty at Harrington Buildings, Woolwich with his mother (16) & (19).  Despite these poor beginnings he would be married twice (6) & (31), have at least seven children and be able to "live on his own means" by the time he was 62 years old (59). But how did this all happen?

Fig 4.9 - Inside St Nicholas, Plumstead, London (61)

Henry's first marriage was on the 8th May 1858 in St Nicholas Church, Plumstead, London (6) (Fig 4.8 & 4.9). He married Sarah Wood (born 14th February 1839 in Woolwich, Kent (62)), the daughter of a cabinet maker, Edward Henry Wood (62). At the time Henry was working as a smith (6).



The couple had at least two children together:

• Sarah Elizabeth born circa 1862 in Woolwich, Kent (63)
• George born circa 1865 in Woolwich, Kent (63)

In 1867, Henry seems to suddenly remarry on the 3rd June at Christ Church, Watney Street, London, only two years after the birth of his son, George (31). I have not found a death record for Sarah during the period 1864-1867, but I presume that she had passed away, unless it was a case of bigamy!?

Henry's second marriage was to Octavia Mary Ann Gallafent who was born in 1849 in Romford, Essex, the daughter of a French engineer, Daniel Gallafent (31) & (64). Henry was also employed as an engineer (31).

Octavia and Henry went onto have 5 daughters, with quite unusual British forenames:

• Orpha Sarah O(ctavia?) born in January 1869 in Plumstead, Kent (65) & (66)
• Emily Cecilia Zeletta Octavia born in January 1871 in Plumstead, Kent (63) & (66)
• Esmeralda Kate O(ctavia?) born in July 1874 in Woolwich, Kent (67) & (68)  
• Bertha Violet Octavia born in 1878 in Old Ford, London (68) & (69)
• Daisy Claudine Octavia born on 27th December 1879 in St George's, London (68) & (70)

It seems that the given name 'Octavia' which means the eighth born (71) was important in this family, perhaps it had passed down through the generations, or even that the mother had wanted her name giving to all her daughters? 

Tree 4 - Henry Davidson's family

In 1871 census, Henry is living with his second wife Octavia, his children from his first marriage and their eldest two daughters. Henry is working as an engine fitter and they are living in Eton Street, Plumstead (63). 

Fig 4.10 - Gloster Arms, Stepney, London (72)

By 1881 Henry had had a career change and the family are living at the Gloster Arms public house on 93 Commercial Road, Mile End Old Town, London. He is working as a beer retailer and his son, George, is waterman (68).

The "Gloster Arms" remained open as a public house until 1989. The building is still standing and the downstairs is currently being used as a clothes shop (Fig 4.10) (72).

Mile End Town is one of the earliest suburbs of London city and had a large Jewish community, a bit nicer than Henry's previous beginnings in the Woolwich slums (73) & (74). Living and working in this community would have perhaps allowed the family to mix into different circles which would possibly explain how Henry's children came to marry "well".

• Henry's eldest daughter with his first wife, Sarah Elizabeth married William Barrow (born 1861 in Bethnal Green, London (75)) in 1882 (76). William was a professional man trading as a chemist (76). They had five children, Lily Octavia in 1883 (77), William Henry in 1885 (77), Katie Bertha in 1890 (77), George Albert in 1895 (78) and Henry in 1897 (79).

• Orpha, Henry and Octavia's eldest daughter married William Foster Trappitt (80) (born on 28th Feb 1864 in Shoreditch, London  (81) & (82)). William was the son of William Joseph Trappitt who was jeweller and diamond setter (83) & (84). William Foster as the legitimate son of Willam Joseph was accepted into the Company of Goldsmiths by patrimony (81) (Fig 4.11 & 4.12). 

A Davidson uncle of mine is a jeweller, silversmith and goldsmith and there was always rumours that there had been other jewellers in the family history but no one seemed to know who, until this connection was established.

Fig 4.11 - Entry into the Company of Goldsmiths of the City of London of William Foster Trappitt (81)

Fig 4.12 - Entry into the Company of Goldsmiths of the City of London of William Joseph Trappitt,
William Foster's father (83)

• The next daughter, Emily married soon later in 1889 in the Westminster area of London (85). She married a commercial traveller, Victor Alexander Rettich born in 1868 in Lambeth, London (86). Victor's father was German merchant and latterly a gentleman  (85) & (87).  Emily and Victor had two children, Veneta Annie Octavia in 1890 and Victor Henry Albert in 1891 both born in Dalston, London. Sadly their son Victor died as an infant. A few years later Emily filed a claim for divorce on the grounds of adultery and cruelty. She claimed that her husband had slept with many other women, had violently hit her and left her without money and means of providing for her children often for days at a time (85).

Divorce in the 1890's was largely uncommon, it was much more difficult to prove there were grounds for divorce and it was very expensive so was only available to those with the means to pay for it (88). There were only 369 divorces in the UK in 1894 where as in 2010 there were nearly 120, 000 divorces in the UK (89).

• Esmeralda became a music hall artist (90) before marrying in the third quarter of 1895 (91). She married a Swiss photo artist and inventor Albert Disteli (92) (born c1863 (92)). By 1911, they had two daughters, Esmeralda and Dolores (93). They lived at 17 Mount Pleasant Villas, Hornsey, Middlesex, which are quite large three storey Victorian brick terraces, now split into apartments. Albert alongside another colleague, who went by the surname Atkinson, invented the Photographic Contact Printing Apparatus (94).

• Bertha, the fourth daughter of Henry and Octavia, married Otto Ernst, a clerk, in the July to September quarter of 1898 in Hackney, London (95). Otto Ernst was another Swiss son-in-law (90) for Henry. Bertha and Otto travelled frequently and two of their three children were born in Bombay, India (96). Their children were: Otto Henry Armin born in 1900, Elsie Victoria Octavia born in 1906 and Bertram George Otto born in 1910 in Upper Tooting, Surrey (96). It is quite possible that they travelled due to Otto's work.

• Daisy, the youngest of Henry and Octavia's children, was the last to marry in the last quarter of 1902 (97). She married Israel Brown who was born in 1882 in Sheffield, Yorkshire (98). According to the 1911 census, Israel was also a jeweller - another link to the jewellery profession (Fig 4.13) (98). They had had no children by 1911 but were able to afford to employ a servant (98).

Fig 4.13 - Census page for Israel Brown and household from 1911 (98)

By 1891, Henry had retired and was living at 86 Mayfield Road, Hackney, London with his wife, Octavia, son, George, and three youngest daughters, Esmeralda, Bertha and Daisy (90). He had well over 30 years of retirement to enjoy with his wife and the many grandchildren. Sadly Henry passed away in September 1928 in Wandsworth, London (99) although his wife, Octavia, out-lived him by another two years, passing away on 15th May 1930 in Surrey (100). Octavia left a will with an estate worth £640 (100), today that estate would be worth the equivalent of £21,500 (101).

Last but not least is John (1832-1897), my great, great, great grandfather. John was the third of Charlotte's children to marry and he married Jane Redwood (born 1827 (102)) on 20th June 1853 at St Luke's Church, Norwood, Lambeth, London (30). 

John and Jane gave Charlotte another six grandchildren:

• John born 28th February 1854 in Poplar, London (15) & (103)
• Louisa Elizabeth born 19th August 1856 in Poplar, London (15) & (104)
• Augusta born 5th June 1859 in Poplar, London (15) & (105)
• George born 20th September 1860 in Bromley, London (15) & (106)
• Alfred born 20th November 1863 in Poplar, London (15) & (107)
• Edward born 6th October 1866 in Poplar, London (my great, great grandfather) (15) & (108)

John, Jane and their children achieved much in their lifetimes, and it is from this family that my Davidson story continues . . . in the next chapters.

Before carrying on with the John and Charlotte's descendants lets discover more about the Redwood's. Who were they and where did they come from?


Copyright © 2013 Ruth Hogan

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Chapter 5 - Who were the Redwood's?

The surname Redwood is both:

• a locational surname - derived from the villages in Devon and Durham named Redworth or possibly even a lost Medieval village named Redwood (109) 
• a topographical surname - a person who was a dweller next to a red wood may have take the name  (109)

The surname is most commonly found in the Devon & Somerset but is also found in larger proportions in Kent, Essex, Lancashire, Cheshire, Nottinghamshire, Gloucestershire and South Wales (110).

My Redwood ancestors are from Herne in Kent. Jane Redwood (1827-1894), my great, great, great grandmother became a Davidson through marriage was the fourth child of many to James and Sophia Redwood from Herne (102).

Fig 5.1 - St Martin's Church, Herne, Kent (115)

Herne was a small village about 2 km inland from the now larger community of Herne Bay. The name of the village is derived from the Old English hyrne meaning a place on a corner of land. The corner may refer to the sharp bend on the Roman Road between Canterbury and Reculver at Herne. It started out as a small shipping and agricultural village. Boats would stop off in Herne on their way to London and it was a good landing place for those travelling inland by road to Canterbury. During the 19th century Herne Bay grew in size and became a popular seaside destination with the arrival of the railway (111). 

Jane's father, James Redwood was born in about 1796 in Birchington (112), a small town to the east of Herne on the north Kent coastline. Whereas Jane's mother, Sophia Homans was born and bred in Herne (113). Sophia was one of at least thirteen children born to Stephen and Susannah Homans (variations: Holmans, Homan, Holman) in about 1798 (113). Sophia and James's union was on the 13th October 1818 (114)  at the small stone built parish church of Herne (115), which is the church in which my husband's aunt is currently the vicar (it's a small world!). (Fig 5.1)

James and Sophia's children were all born in the township of Herne or Herne Bay and were baptised at St Martin's Church, Herne (Fig 5.1 and 5.2). They were:

• Stephen baptised on 16th August 1819 (116)
• William baptised on 22nd January 1821 (117)
• Louisa born 29th October 1825, baptised on 15th November 1825 (118)
• Jane born 15th September 1827, baptised on 7th October 1827 (102)  - my great, great, great grandmother
• George baptised 6th May 1832 (119)
• Alfred baptised 11th May 1834 (120)
• Jesse baptised on 22nd May 1836 (121)
• Augustus baptised on 16th September 1838 (122)
• Charles baptised on 28th March 1841 (123)

Tree 5 - The Redwood Family

Fig 5.2 - Postcard of Herne Church, Herne, Kent (124)

James worked as a farm labourer and the family lived on East Street, Herne Bay, Kent according to the 1851 & 1861 censuses (125) & (126). From a young age their sons were working as errand boys or labourers and Sophia was a charwoman (or washerwoman as we might know it better today), seemingly a hard working family.

Unfortunately, in August 1868 at the age of about 70 years old Sophia passed away and was buried on the 16th August at St Martin's Church, Herne (127).

After the death of his wife, James went to live with his eldest son's family in Seasalter (128). He remained employed as an agricultural labourer even at the age of 77 years old (128). On the 13th February 1872 he joined his wife at Herne Parish Church (129).

From the mid 18th century in the UK the industrial revolution was taking the country by storm causing the rural population to move en mass into the ever expanding cities especially London, where there were better prospects and dreams of a better life with employment opportunities in the growing factories.

My great, great, great grandmother, Jane Redwood moved to London as a single woman probably hoping and dreaming of a better way of life and prospects, but were those dreams a reality? What about her other siblings, did they similarly move away from a rural way of life to an urban one?


Copyright © 2013 Ruth Hogan

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Chapter 6 - The Redwood Siblings

As we learnt earlier Jane Redwood was one of at least nine children to James and Sophia Redwood who moved to London as a young lady to find employment, but did the siblings follow her or did they remain in Herne working on the land, following their father's footsteps or go on to find other ways of employment?

Stephen (1819-c1905), the eldest of the Redwood siblings, married a local Herne girl, Caroline Cock in 1843 (130) . They initially lived close to Stephen's parents on East Street in Herne Bay (125) .

Stephen and Caroline had at least eight children: Ellen, Louisa Jane, Stephen Arthur, Lydia, George, Alfred, William and Edward (or Edwin) (125) , (128) & (131) . Interesting to see the youngest child's name seems to alternate from Edwin to Edward on the censuses and birth registration documents (132) .

Stephen was a mariner and worked away from home, it would have been hard work for Caroline being left at home alone with several young children to care for. At the time of the 1881 census, Stephen is listed as a "mate" on the "Derby" barge that is docked at Tottenham (133) . (Fig 6.1)

Fig 6.1 - Excerpt from 1881 census (133)

Stephen's and his family gradually moved further away from Herne along the north Kent coastline initially to Whitstable (131) , then Seasalter (128) , Murston near Sittingbourne (134) and latterly Milton near Gravesend, Kent, which was where Stephen's death was registered at the ripe age of 89 years old  (135).


William (1820-1894), their second child also became a seaman (136) , following his elder brother's example. He was working away from home on the night of the 1861 census, William was listed as being on the boat, Mary, with the other crew members as a seaman (136) . (Fig 6.2)

Fig 6.2 - An excerpt from 1861 census returns (136)

Fig 6.3 - An excerpt from Edward Davidson's notebook (142)

He married Elizabeth Bettsworth on 12th June 1851 at Herne Parish Church (137) and they went onto have several children all born in Herne Bay, Kent:

• William Absolem c1852 (138)
• Lavinia Elizabeth c1853 (139)
• George James c1855 (140)
• Alfred James c1859 (141)
• Alice C 1862 (141)
• Rose Ann 1868 (141)

William remained in Herne Bay in various abodes up until his death in 1894. His nephew, Edward Davidson (my great, great grandfather), noted down the date of his uncle's death in his notebook (Fig 6.3) (142).

Louisa (1825-1914) who was the eldest daughter to James and Sophia initially moved away from the village to work as a chambermaid at a hotel in Canterbury, Kent (143). She later married a police officer, William Robinson (born 29th February 1826 in Beckingham, Essex  (142) & (144)) on the 14th July 1856 at Tower Hamlets, Middlesex in London (145). At their marriage, John Davidson, Jane's husband was one of their witnesses (Fig 6.4)  (145).

Fig 6.4 - Marriage certificate for William Robinson and Louisa Redwood (145)

Fig 6.5 - Excerpt from Edward Davidson's notebook (142)

Louisa gave birth to several children between the date of their marriage and 1870 and during this period they moved around from Heston to Hounslow, Middlesex and eventually retired to Goldhanger in Essex. Their children were: Louisa E, William C F, Sarah James, Alfred James, Alice Sophia and Elizabeth Ellen (144) , (146) & (147). 

Louisa had a close relationship with her sister, Jane, the families stayed in contact with one another despite living many miles apart.

My great, great grandfather, Edward Davidson (1866) kept a notebook which mentions several trips to London and Herne Bay, one trip being the "Golden Wedding Day of Aunt and Uncle Robinson" (Fig 6.5) (142).

Louisa's daughter Alice married a horseman called Henry Willsmore (148)  and sadly they had no children but they cared for the widowed Louisa in her latter days at their home in Goldhanger, Essex (149). Louisa lived to be 88 years old, passing away in 1914 just before the start of World War I  (150).

Alice, Louisa's daughter kept contact with her cousin Edward Davidson, my great, great grandfather, in Hull, East Yorkshire. They wrote many postcards and letters to one another (see below Figs 6.6 & 6.7) (151) & (152). 

Fig 6.6 Postcard from Alice to Edward (151)

Fig 6.7 Another postcard from Alice to Edward (152)

The above photo is a postcard which was sent from Alice to Edward, but who is the old lady stood at the garden wall, could it be Alice or even her mother Louisa? (Fig 6.7)

Alfred (c1833-1897), was James and Sophia's sixth child and he married Caroline Jorden (born in 1838 in Canterbury, Kent (153)) on 25th October 1864 (154). At the time of their marriage, Alfred was a mariner and they were both of Herne Bay but yet they married at Blean Registry Office (154). Could this be due to the fact that Caroline already had a daughter called Martha (153) and therefore they may have been some resistance to her marriage in the local Parish Church. Alfred and Caroline appear to not have had any children together.

Alfred like his brothers was also a mariner and was in the Merchant Navy. The Merchant Navy was set up to record all the seafarers in Britain, so that in times of war the government could call upon a larger Navy to fight. The men who signed up to the Merchant Navy would have been men whose everyday job was based on boats whether they were fishermen or transported goods to and from ports around the World, Europe or Britain (155).

From around 1881 Alfred resided with his older brother, William and his family in Herne (156). Alfred died in Herne on the 17th November 1897 and left a small will of £151 6s 6d (157). Edward Davidson had also noted down this life event in his notebook (142). (Fig 6.8) 

Figure 6.8 - Excerpt from Edward Davidson's notebook (142)

George (1832-?), Jesse (c1836-?), Augustus (c1838-?) and Charles (c1840-?) all started out in employment as errand boys (125), but beyond that I cannot be certain where they moved to and what occupations they were employed into or whether they married or remained bachelors.

Continuing back to the Davidson lines of the family, let's see what Jane found in London.

Copyright © 2012 Ruth Hogan

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Chapter 7 - The lives of John (1832-1897) and Jane (1827-1894) in London

Starting with this short summary as a quick reminder:

• John Davidson was born on 27th December 1832 in Woolwich, Kent to John and Charlotte Davidson (10), (15) & (16).
• Jane Redwood was born on 15th September 1827 in Herne Bay, Kent to James and Sophia Redwood (102).

By 1851 Jane was living in Porteus Road, Paddington which is very close to the current Paddington Railway Station. She was living with a family and working as their servant (158). Once she reached working age (14-16 years old) it is quite probable that if there was no work available for her in the Herne area that she would have sent away from her family to look for work. She may have had to send home a proportion of her wage to help support her parents and the rest of the family if that was required. On the other side she may have wanted to see a bit more of the world and escape the village of Herne in which she had spent all of her life so far.

At the same time, John was residing no more than 2 miles away on South Street in Chelsea with his extended step-family and mother. He was employed as a smith's labourer (17). 

At some point John and Jane's paths crossed and they fell in love with one another and on the 20th June 1853 they made their solemn promises to each other (Fig 7.1) (30).

Fig 7.1 Marriage certificate of John Davidson and Jane Redwood (30)

Fig 7.2 - The frontage of St Luke's Church,
Norwood (159)

It was much further south of the river at St Luke's Church in Norwood, Surrey (Fig 7.2) that Thomas, John's brother and his wife, Martha witnessed John and Jane's matrimonial ceremony (30) . It would be a long way for Jane's family to make the journey from Herne for the occasion, but I hope that a few members made it.

St Luke's, Norwood church building is architecturally very interesting, it was one of the four churches built across London in response to the growth of the population in Lambeth (160). It was built in the early 19th century from a design by Francis Bedford (159). The project was half funded by the government and the remainder by the local community. The building was completed in 1825 after three years of construction (160).

Eight months after their marriage, on 28th February 1854, Jane gave birth to a son whom they named John, after Jane's husband and father-in-law. John (junior) was baptised on 26th March 1854 at St James's Church, Norland, Middlesex (103). In the baptism registers the abode of the new family was Bromley Road, Norland which is again north of the river not far from where they were residing before their marriage. I wonder what caused them to flit from one area of London to another so quickly, could it have been John's employment or was it some kind of cover up as she may well have already been pregnant when they married, unless John (junior) was a slightly premature baby?

John and Jane's other children were all born and registered in the Poplar district of London. The dates of birth of all their children are listed in the family bible (15) as follows:

• John born 28th February 1854
• Louisa Elizabeth born 19th August 1856
• Augusta born 5th June 1859
• George born 20th September 1860
• Alfred born 20th November 1863
• Edward born 6th October 1866 (my great, great grandfather) in Redbey Street, Bromley (161).

Tree 6 - John & Jane's children

Tragically for the family, Augusta died as a baby only a few months old. The death was registered in the last quarter of the same year as the birth (162). Unfortunately it also appears their first born, John, also died in childhood as no further records of him can be found. Sadly, infant death was common in Victorian London as disease was rife due to the density of the population and lack of adequate sanitation, but for the parents it would still be as tragic as today.

In 1861, the family is living in Chrisp Street, Poplar, London (Fig 2.5 & 7.3) down the road from John's mother, Charlotte Lester, and step-father, Michael Lester (22) & (23). John's occupation is a Boiler Maker.

Fig 7.3 - Excerpt from 1861 census including details of John and Jane's family (23)

On the 23rd March 1862 Louisa and George were baptised at All Saints Church in Poplar together with their paternal cousins, Elizabeth and Jane Crout (34). It must have been a nice family gathering to celebrate the lives of their children together (Fig 7.4).

Fig 7.4 - Excerpt from Baptism Records of All Saints Church, Poplar from March 1862 (34)

John and Jane's youngest son, my great, great grandfather, Edward was born in Poplar in 1866 (108) (Fig 7.5) but by the time of the next census in 1871 John and Jane had moved again, except this was a much bigger move to Hull in East Yorkshire (163). I am curious as to whether the deaths of their two children in Victorian London encouraged the family to move, or was it John's work that brought them north to Hull, as he continued to work as a Boiler Maker. What did the city of Hull have to offer them as a family?

Fig 7.5 - The original birth certificate of my great, great grandfather, Edward Davidson (161)

Copyright © 2012 Ruth Hogan

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Chapter 8 - The Davidson families in Hull, East Yorkshire

Fig 8.1 - Map of Hull 1866 (164)

Hull is a historic city, sat in a strategic place at the junction of the River Hull and River Humber twenty-five miles inland from the North Sea. It was named by Edward I as the Kings Town upon the River Hull or Kingston upon Hull and is frequently shortened to Hull today. It has served as a market town, port, fishing centre and whaling centre. It was attractive as a settlement area due to the navigable river and the ideal place for a port due to depth of the river at this point, which is what has brought much trade to the area throughout the centuries. As a boiler maker there would certainly have been work in the ship-building industry in Hull in the 19th century to attract John and his young family to the city, where my Davidson ancestors remained for the next few generations (165).

Tree 7 - John & Jane's grandchildren

Before discovering about the life of my direct ancestors, we shall uncover the lives of Edward's siblings and nephews and nieces in the city of Hull.

Louisa Elizabeth (1856-1911), the eldest of John and Jane's surviving children was sent out to work as soon as she was old enough at the youthful age of fourteen years old. She was employed as a general domestic servant in 1871 (163), similarly to her mother a generation earlier (158).

Louisa married a boot maker by the name of John Henry Jackson in the third quarter (July to September) of 1880 (166). He was born in Leeds, West Yorkshire in c1855 (167)  and the couple were wed in the Skirlaugh registration district, which is just to the north of Hull (166).

The next census to be taken less than nine months later was on the 3rd April 1881 and by that time they already had a seven month old daughter, named Florence, who would have been born only a few months after their marriage (167).

Fig 8.2 - Excerpt from the 1881 census in Kingston upon Hull, Yorkshire (167)

Louisa and John Henry had several more children in quite quick succession, all born in Hull. Their names and approximate years of birth are:

• Alfred c1881 (168)
• Edward c1884  (168)
• John Henry c1885  (168)
• Harriet c1887  (168)
• Charles c1889  (168)
• Lilly c1893  (168)
• William c1894  (168)
• George c1896  (168)

By 1911, Louisa had been widowed and was living at Arthur Terrace, Hull with her brother Alfred, eldest daughter, Florence and the six youngest children (Fig 8.3) (169).

Fig 8.3 - 1911 Census return of Louisa's family at Arthur Terrace, Hull, Yorkshire (169)

Fig 8.4 - Reckitt's Blue (170)

All of Louisa's children were of working age in 1911 and were employed in a variety of occupations, although none seemed to be following in their father's line of work as a bootmaker. Two of the boys were employed on the docks, which would have employed a huge number of men in Hull and two of the girls were working at Reckitt's & Sons (169).

Reckitt's is a well-known company even today although they're now known as Reckitt Benckiser. The company makes many pharmaceutical products that we use regularly in the UK such as Strepsils, Nurofen and also cleaning products such as Vanish and Cillit Bang just to name a few of their popular brands (171).

Reckitt's & Sons began in Hull in 1840 by Issac Reckitt, who later introduced his sons into the family business. The company was an major employer in Hull towards the end of the 19th century and they owned a factory on Dansom Lane, where the current Reckitt Benckiser factory still stands today  (171), (172) & (173).

Many of my Parkinson ancestors were also employed by Reckitt's, more about the Parkinson family will come much later on in another story.

It was only a few months after the 1911 census that Louisa sadly passed away in the third quarter of 1911 in Hull (174).

George (1860-1917), the eldest surviving male child to John and Jane Davidson has not been easy to research, but we find him in Hull at the time of the 1891 census, living on Starch House Lane very close to the Reckitt's factory and not far from the docks (175).

This census tells us he had married Mary Ann and had four children, John, George, Elizabeth and Thomas S. George was working at the Holderness Ship Yard (Fig 8.5) (175). Interestingly the names of the first three children follow a similar naming pattern to that of John and Jane's first children.

Fig 8.5 - Excerpt from 1891 census (175)

The next information I can find about George is in the 1911 census, where he is living at Barnsley Street also in Hull (176). (Fig 8.6)

Fig 8.6 - Census page of George Davidson's family on 1911 census (176)

George and Mary Ann are stated as having been married for 29 years and had had twelve children, two who had died, possibly in infancy? (176)

So, what has made George's family so difficult to research?

1. I have no living relatives who remember him or his family and therefore no personal family stories or memories to give me clues to help the research.
2. There are many Davidson births in the Sculcoates registration district between 1881 and 1911 in the BMD registers so I would have to order the certificates to discover which were their children, which is quite a costly task.
3. There are several Davidson infant deaths in the Sculcoates registration district of Hull as with the birth certificates it would be costly to order the certificates to discover which were George's children.
4. There are at least two if not three families in the Hull locality with a George Davidson as the head of household and a wife named Mary Ann or Mary during this period.
5. There are possibly a few discrepancies in the information (places of birth and age) on the census records which make it difficult to track the family through the decades.
6. I have been unable to find a marriage for George Davidson and Mary Ann in the BMD index, which makes me question whether they actually officially married at all or whether they moved away to marry?
7. The possibility of missing census records for some areas of Hull.

Having viewed a few other family trees with the common ancestor on the Ancestry.co.uk website I notice we all have slightly different information about the same family, so I am not claiming to be correct, but through the research I have done this is what I have come up with.

Alfred (1863-c1940) is the closest sibling (by age) to my great, great grandfather. He is also elusive to the 1881 census as his older brother's family also was, which makes me curious as to whether the brothers even moved away together to find employment or if there are some missing records!?

But by 1891, Alfred is still a bachelor and lodging with a man called Francis Towers on Barnsley Street (Fig 8.7)  (177), less than a mile from the docks and the Reckitt's factory but also the same street his older brothers family are residing on in the 1911 census (Fig 8.6)  (176). He was employed as a boilermaker like his father and so would have also worked in the docks area (177).

Barnsley Street still exists today but unfortunately this area of Hull was badly hit during World War II so little housing of the era when my ancestors lived there survives along Barnsley Street today.

Fig 8.7 - Excerpt from 1891 census (177)

In 1911, Alfred is living with his sister, Louisa, and her family (Fig 8.3) (169), he was a labourer and remained a bachelor. I wonder if he ever did marry? He out-lived all his siblings though, dying in the third quarter of 1940 in Hull, Yorkshire (178) in the midst of World War II and only a month or two after the first bomb was dropped on Hull on the 19th June 1940 (179).

Fig 8.8 - Photo of Edward Davidson (180)

Edward (1866-1828), the youngest Davidson of this generation and my great, great grandfather was the inspiration for the name chosen for my younger brother many, many years later. 

Edward would be the child with the fewest memories of life in London, as he would have been only an infant when they moved north.

At the age of 15 years old Edward was employed as a rivetter (181) , which would also have been dock work in the ship building industry, probably with his brothers and father. Rivetter's inserted and hammered the rivets to hold the pieces of sheet metal together during the process of building metal boats and ships (182) & (183) .

In 1882, Edward was apprenticed to the Hull Iron Shipbuilders for four years on a weekly wage of 7 shillings the equivalent of approximately £17 per week today, increasing incrementally by a shilling or two shillings a year to twelve shillings a week (approx. £29 today  (101)) at the end of the apprenticeship. The apprenticeship was due to end on the 20th October 1886 (Fig 8.9) (184).

Fig 8.9 - Apprenticeship Indenture for Edward Davidson to be apprenticed to Hull Iron Shipbuilders (184)

The employer named on this Apprenticeship document is David Parkinson Garbutt who owned the Hull Iron Shipbuilders company. David is well known in Hull for being the benefactor of and initiating the development of the middle-class suburban housing known as "The Avenues" (185). Unfortunately, in 1883 David Parkinson Garbutt was made bankrupt and it was reported in The London Gazette on 11th December 1883 (Fig 8.10) (186).

Fig 8.10 - Excerpt from The London Gazette on 11th December 1883 (186)

I wonder whether the bankruptcy affected Edward's apprenticeship with the company?

Before finishing his apprenticeship Edward married Martha Hair on 31st August 1885 in the Sculcoates Parish Church, Hull where his brother, Alfred and Martha's sister, Julia were the witnesses (Fig 8.11) (187) .

Fig 8.11 - Original Marriage Certificate for the marriage of Edward Davidson and Martha Hair (187)

As Edward was my great, great grandfather we will discover more about his married life with Martha in much greater detail in Chapter 13, and find out more about Martha's lineage beforehand.

Fig 8.12 - John and Jane Davidson  (188)

John (1832-1897) & Jane (1827-1894) having moved north with their young family, remained in the city of Kingston upon Hull for the rest of their lives (Fig 8.12) (188).



In 1871, they were residing at 2 Sutton Row, Hull with all their surviving children and John was working as a Boiler Maker (163).




By 1881, John and Jane had moved a few houses down the same street to No. 5 Sutton Row. There was only Edward who remained at home with them, but they had a boarder living with them. The boarder was John H Cawood, an unmarried 17 year old who was a brush maker (Fig 8.13) (181).

Fig 8.13 - Excerpt of 1881 census (181)

The next two decades saw the birth of numerous grandchildren for John and Jane and by the time of the next census their grandchildren count had increased from one in 1881 to twelve in 1891, an ever increasing family. John continued to work as a boiler maker and in 1891 they continued to reside at 5 Sutton Row (189).

Unfortunately, Jane passed away on 17th January 1894 and only a few years later John followed on July 5th 1897 (142) , (190) & (191) . Edward, their youngest son, recorded the dates and times of their deaths in his notebook (142) (Fig 8.14), alongside a financial account of money he had been giving or lending his father, John, since April 1896 right up to the day of his father's death (142) (Fig 8.15). Presumably, his father had not been in good enough health to be working and so Edward was having to financially support his father to make ends meet.

Fig 8.14 - Excerpt from Edward Davidson's notebook
- the times and dates of death of his parents (142)

Fig 8.15 - Excerpt from Edward Davidson's notebook
Financial account of money lent to his father (142)

John and Jane were buried together in a plot at Hedon Road Cemetery in Hull, East Yorkshire and had a beautiful headstone erected, which still stands there today (Fig 8.16 & 8.17) (190) & (191) .

Fig 8.16 - John & Jane's grave circa 1897 (190)

Fig 8.17 - John & Jane's grave in 2011 (191)

Copyright © 2014 Ruth Hogan

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Chapter 9 - An Introduction to the Hair's of Kingston upon Hull, East Yorkshire

Hair, Haire or Hare are all variant spellings of the same Anglo-Gaelic medieval surname. The name has many possible origins, the most likely origin in England is from the word "hara" or "hare" being a nickname for a fast runner or messenger. There are also several place names "Hare" which are derived from the ancient word "haer" meaning "stoney ground". The surname could also be derived from these place names. In Scotland or Ireland the name is generally an anglicised spelling of the surname "O'hir" a descendant of the fierce one (192).

The distribution of these surnames in Great Britain shows the Haire (193)  & Hair (194)  family names to be more populous in southern Scotland, the north-east of England, but the surname Hare (195) is more populous in eastern England.


The latter generations of Hair's in my ancestral line

Tree 8 - Charles & Mary Jane's grandchildren

Fig 9.1 - St James Church, Sutton-on-Hull (201)

My great, great grandmother was born Martha Hair and as referred to briefly in Chapter 8 she married Edward Davidson at Sculcoates Parish Church in Hull, Yorkshire on 31st August 1885 (187).



Martha was the fourth child born to Charles Hair and Mary Jane nee Peacock in 1862 in Hull, East Yorkshire (196). Charles Hair and Mary Jane Peacock were married on 31st August 1856 in St James Church, Sutton-on-Hull (197) & (198) and they had at least twelve children born in Sculcoates (199) & (200), a suburb of Hull to the north of the city (see Tree 8).

Fig 9.2 - The Hair women (202) - Martha Hair on the first row at the left,
Mary Jane nee Peacock front row second from the right & Julia Hair front row on the right (we think)

Before delving back through the past Hair generations lets look briefly at where all the above siblings ended up.


Sarah Elizabeth Hair (1856-1936) lived most if not all of her life in Hull. She married Henry Hartley (AKA Harry born c1857 in Hull (203)), an oil miller (203), in the first quarter of 1881 (204)  and they were listed as very newly weds on the 1881 census take on the 3rd April 1881 at 3 Clio Terrace, Hull (203).

By the 1911 census Sarah Elizabeth and Henry had six children, Amelia Jane (1881) (205), Harry (1889) (206), Charles (1892), Ethel (1895), Eva (1897) and Annie Elizabeth (1900) although Amelia and Harry had already left the nest by the time of the census (207).

Fig 9.3 - 1911 census page (207)

Henry departed this world aged 65 years old in 1922 (208) where as Sarah Elizabeth lived as a widow for another 14 years before passing away just before the outbreak of World War Two in 1936 at a good age of 77 years old in Hull, Yorkshire (209).


Thomas William Hair (1859-1882) had quite a short life, compared to todays life expectancy. He died at the youthful age of 23 years old in 1882 (210) . He was sent out to work from an early age for in 1871 census he was living with his parents and siblings at 73 Church Street, Hull aged 11 years old but was already in employment as an errand boy (199) (Fig 9.4).

Fig 9.4 - Excerpt from 1871 census (199)

Hannah Hair (1861-?) was listed on her first census at only one month old, which was taken on the night of 7th April 1861 (211). She was living at 73 Church Street, Hull with her parents and older siblings (Fig 9.5). I would expect that Hannah and the next six children born to Charles and Mary Jane were all born at this address, as the family were still residing here in 1871 (199) (Fig 9.4).

Fig 9.5 - Excerpt from 1861 census of Hull, East Yorkshire (211)

Hannah married a cooper by the name of Herbert Williams (born c1862 in Hull, Yorks (212) ) in the last quarter of 1884 in the Sculcoates Registration District (213) . They bore three children all very close together in age:

• Ethel Mary Williams born in the third quarter of 1885 (214)
• Herbert Williams born in the first quarter of 1887 (215)
• Percival Williams born in the last quarter of 1887 (216)

The family is found on all the censuses living in Hull but no other documents are found relating to Hannah's death, although her husband, Herbert, died in 1914 (217) and I would have expected her sons to have been sent to fight in The Great War not long after the death of her husband, which I imagine was a very worrying time for her.

Martha Hair (1862-1829) was my great, great grandmother and we will look more into her life with Edward Davidson in a future chapter.

Charles Hair (1865-1903) was an oil miller and in 1891 he was living with his sister, Sarah Elizabeth, and her family at 81 Cumberland Street, Hull (218) . Charles's brother-in-law, Henry Hartley was also an oil miller, so I wonder whether they were employed by the same company? 

Fig 9.6 - Excerpt from the 1891 census (218)

Interestingly Charles is listed as married (not widowed) on both the 1891 (218)  and 1901 (219)  censuses although his wife is not listed with him on either occasion. At the time of the 1901 census, he was living with his widowed mother, Mary Jane and some of his younger siblings at 10 Plate Terrace, Hull (219). There is no direct evidence that he had any children, but if there were children then they could have been living with their mother.

Charles was also quite young when he died aged 38 years on the 7th September 1903 (220), as the average life expectancy in 1900 for a male was 47 years old (221).


Harry Hair (1866-?) married Esther Ann Brant (born in 1869 in Sculcoates, Hull, Yorkshire (222)) in the first quarter of 1890 in Sculcoates, Hull, Yorkshire (223) but by the time of the next census only a year later in 1891 they are living in Normanby, South Bank near Middlesborough, North Yorkshire with his younger brother William (224).

Fig 9.7 - Excerpt from 1891 census (224)

Harry and Esther had had five children together by 1911 although unfortunately two had also died in childhood (225) . Their children were:

• Catherine Hair born in Normanby near Middlesborough, North Yorkshire in the first quarter of 1893 (226) & (227)
• John Charles Hair born in the last quarter of 1897 in the Middlesborough registration district (228) and died approximately 6 months later in 1898 (229)
• Fanny Brant Hair born in South Bank near Middlesborough, North Yorkshire in the first quarter of 1901 (230) (a month old on the 1901 census night (226) ), died in the last quarter of 1904 (231)
• Meggie Andison Hair born in Lackenby Eston near Middlesborough, North Yorkshire in the third quarter of 1903 (225) & (232)
• Harry Herbert Hair also born in Lackenby Eston on the 8th March 1909 (225) & (233)

Fig 9.8 - 1911 Census Page (225)

Presumably Harry remained in the North-East for the rest of his days.


Julia Hair (1868-1955) was a spinster all her life and was quite close to her elder sister, Martha, whom she latterly resided with. My grandfather remembered Aunt Julia (although actually his great aunt) from his childhood as an elderly lady with glasses (Fig 9.2) (202).

In 1891, Julia worked as a domestic servant for a young butcher's family at 1 John Street, Hull, Yorkshire (Fig 9.9) (234).

Fig 9.9 - Excerpt from 1891 census (234)

Edward Davidson kept detailed accounts about money he lent Julia on the 16th July 1897 and she paid him back in full a few months later (Fig 9.10) (142). I wonder what she had needed that money for?

Fig 9.10 - Excerpt from Edward Davidson's notebook (142)

By the time of the next census in 1901, she has returned to live with her mother and brothers where there is no occupation listed for her, but it would be common for a spinster daughter to keep the house for her elderly mother as her brothers would have been out working (219). Her mother died a few years later and then she would move in with Edward and Martha Davidson, her sister and brother-in-law, and their son Walter (my great grandfather) to become their housekeeper (235).

Julia lived to a ripe old age of 87 years old, passing away in the first quarter of 1955 (236), no wonder my grandfather has distant memories of Julia. She was most likely the eldest surviving member of this generation of Hair's.

Fig 9.11 - William and Ann Maria Hair (256)

William (1869-1953) alongside his older brother Harry moved to South Bank near Middlesborough, North Yorkshire. He may have moved at the same time or not long after his brother, Harry and wife, Esther for at the time of the 1891 census (Fig 9.7) he is residing with them (224). During his time in South Bank he must have met and fallen in love with a local South Bank girl, as on the 26th March 1894 he married Ann Maria Parsons (born in the second quarter of 1874 in South Bank (237) & (238)) at the Baptist Church, Normanby Road, South Bank (239).

William worked as a blast furnace man in the South Bank, which meant he would have prepared and mixed the raw materials to produce steel and iron in the local industries (240), probably in the ship building industry.

William and Maria (as she appeared to be known as (238)) had had eight children by the time of the 1911 census (241) (Fig 9.12) but also went onto have another three children after the census all born in the Middlesborough area, their children were:

• Emily born in the third quarter of 1895 (242)
• Elizabeth Ann born in the second quarter of 1897 (243)
• Thomas William born in first quarter of 1899 (244)
• Harry born in the second quarter of 1900 (245)
• Doris born in the first quarter of 1902 (246)
• Florence Annie born in the third quarter of 1903 (247)
• Violet born in third quarter of 1908 and died approximately 9 months old (248) & (249)
• Rose born in the last quarter of 1909 (250)
• Edith born in the third quarter of 1911 (251)
• Charles E born in the second quarter of 1914 (252)
• Horace born in the third quarter of 1917 (253)

Fig 9.12 - 1911 Census Page for 30 Oliver Street, South Bank (241)

William was widowed in 1931 in South Bank (254) and he lived to a be 84 years old. His death was registered in Bradford, West Yorkshire in 1953 (255) a good twenty years after his lady wife's.


Emily (1871-1952) was the youngest known girl in the Hair family. In the census taken on the 2nd April 1871 she was only three weeks old so we can estimate her birth to have been around the 12th March 1871, give or take a week either side (199) (Fig 9.4).

At the time of the 1891 census, Emily is the oldest child still living at home with her parents (257) . She was aged 20 years old and had no occupation listed but would be expected to help her mother with the household chores (Fig 9.13).

Fig 9.13 - Excerpt from 1891 census (257)

It would only be a few years later in the first quarter of 1893 that she married Joseph Parkin (258), also a local Hull boy who was born in approximately 1870  (259). He was a self-employed butcher at 53 Lincoln Street, Sculcoates in 1901 (259) (Fig 9.14). They had 3 surviving children out of four born in Hull (260), Emily registered in January to March 1894 (261), Eva Mary Parkin registered in October to December 1895 (262)  and Doris Parkin registered in July to September 1897 (263).

Fig 9.14 - Excerpt from 1901 census (259)

As Joseph was a self-employed butcher (260), it was quite probable that the family resided above the shop. Joseph is listed in the 1892 Hull Trades Directory  (264)  and by 1913 he had a second butcher's shop in Swann Street, Hull (265) which was just around the corner from the shop in Lincoln Street (Fig 9.15) unless it was two properties next to one another thus creating a larger corner shop.

Fig 9.15 - Kelly's Directory of North & East Yorkshire [Part 2: York & Hull] (265)

Joseph passed away in the first quarter of 1919 (266)  but Emily lived as a widow for another 30 years, eventually passing away at a good age of 81 years old on 13th December 1952  (267).


James (1873-1954) was in a similar line of work to my great, great grandfather, Edward Davidson, a boiler maker (268)  and initially worked as a labourer at the Ship Yard  (257). James married a Hull born girl (268), Sarah Ann Wilkinson in the Sculcoates registration district in the last quarter of 1897 (269), but in the next census in 1901 they had moved across the country to the other side of the Pennines to the west coast town of Barrow-in-Furness (Fig 9.16) (268).

Fig 9.16 - Excerpt from 1901 census (268)

By 1901, Barrow-in-Furness had become a large ship building town so if ship building work had declined in Hull there was probably work to be had in Barrow, although it appears their time in there did not last long, for only a year later they were back in their hometown of Hull for the birth of their daughter, Dorothy, in 1902 (270). Sadly, they had at least one other child who died as an infant (271).

James was the executor of my great, great grandfather's will in 1928 (272) and his occupation is noted as a Money Lender. A very different career to that of ship builder only 17 years previously.

Fig 9.17 - Probate Registry entry for James Hair (273)

Fig 9.18 - Probate Registry entry for Sarah Ann Hair (274)

James outlived my great, great grandparents by nearly thirty years, he passed away on 27th February 1954 in Leicester leaving £1307 15s 10d to his wife, Sarah Ann (273), which has an equivalent value now of nearly £23,000 (101). Sarah Ann passed away nearly exactly a year later leaving a similar amount of money to Thomas Edward Boynton (274), who was their son-in-law (275). He had married their daughter Dorothy Hair in 1929 in Hull, Yorkshire (275) (Fig 9.17 & 9.18).


Joseph Sinden (1875-1945) was the second youngest Hair child and other than his two oldest siblings was the only other child to sport a middle name (199) & (200). Sinden is possibly derived from his paternal grandmother's maiden name "Seddon".

Joseph lived with his mother up until her death in 1908 (219)  and after this he lived with his younger brother's family and their other boarders (according to the 1911 census Fig 9.19) at 7 Richmond Terrace, Grange Street, Hull (276). The other boarders sported the surname Stott which was Mary's maiden name (277)  (Fig 9.19) so could be relatives of hers. Can you imagine living in a three roomed house with that many people from different families, I wouldn't be surprised if the atmosphere was tense from time to time.

Fig 9.19 - 1911 Census page for 7 Richmond Terrace, Hull, East Yorkshire (276)

Paul Gibson has created a website about his family life in Hull which has some beautiful pictures of Richmond Terrace in Hull alongside some personal memories of his life growing up at Richmond Terrace, the website can be found at this link: Paul Gibson's family life in Hull  (278).

Joseph Sinden passed away only a few months after the end of the second world war and the atrocious Blitz of Hull, in the last quarter of 1945 (279). It seems such a shame that after living through the Blitz, Joseph should pass away only a few months after peace was declared over Europe.


Frederick (1877-1949), the youngest of the Hair siblings married Mary Stott in the last quarter of 1910 (277). Mary already had a daughter, Sarah Ann Stott who aged 4 years old at the time of their marriage (276). Mary was heavily pregnant at the time of their wedding, for their first daughter's birth was in late 1910 or early 1911 as Marian Hair was 4 months old at the time of the 1911 census, taken on the night of the 2nd April 1911 (276)  (Fig 9.19).

Very sadly Marian died as an infant only a year later in the second quarter of 1912 (280) and it appears that they had no further children together. Very sadly for Frederick his wife, Mary Hair, also passed away in the third quarter of 1912 (281), such a tragic time for Frederick.

Frederick lived until the age of 71 years, passing away in Hull, East Yorkshire in the first quarter of 1949 (282).


It is really interesting that most of Martha's siblings remained in Hull, East Yorkshire and died in the late 1940's and early 50's after World War II especially as Hull was so heavily bombed during the war (179) , it seems a miracle that none of them died during the war years, unless some of the families evacuated the city during this time.

Copyright © 2012 Ruth Hogan

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Chapter 10 - The Oil Millers - Charles Hair (1832-1892) & Thomas Hair (1802-1885)

Tree 9 - Thomas Hair's descendants

Charles Hair, the seed crusher, married Mary Jane Peacock at St James's Church, Sutton-on-Hull on 31st August 1856 (198) and they had at least twelve children together who's lives we discussed in the previous chapter (Fig 9.1 & 10.1, Tree 8).

Fig 10.1 - Marriage certificate of Charles Hair & Mary Jane Peacock at St James's Church, Sutton-on-Hull, East Yorkshire (198)

Charles Hair departed this world aged 60 years old in August 1892 in Hull, East Yorkshire (283). He had seemingly lived his whole life in Hull and had worked as an oil miller throughout, which was a profession that a few of his sons, son-in-laws and possibly grandsons also followed. In every census since the 1851 census he has been listed as an oil miller or a seed crusher, including on his daughter, Martha's marriage certificate (187), (199), (200), (211), (257) & (284)  (Figs 8.11, 9.4, 9.5, 9.13 & 10.2).

Fig 10.2 - Excerpt from the 1881 census (200)

I would be curious to know whether Charles really enjoyed his job as an Oil Miller and whether he was able to work his way up through a company making a comfortable living for him and his big family or whether it was a matter of needs must? I could not imagine doing the same occupation for greater than two thirds of my life unless there was progression and changes within the roles.

As Hull was a port town, seeds would have been imported from Europe as well as from Lincolnshire to be crushed for their oil and used in the manufacturing industries in Hull, such as the paint industry, soap manufacturing and also in food production (285). The seed crushing industry was one of the big industries in Hull during the Victorian era and before.

Fig 10.3 (287)

Charles was the second known child born to Thomas Hair and his wife Sarah Seddon in early 1832. Charles was baptised at St Mary's Church, Sculcoates on the 19th February 1832 (286).

Worship has taken place on the site of St Mary's church for more than 700 years although the church building has been rebuilt, first in 1760 and later refurbished in 1875 (288). Sadly the building was demolished in 1916 and replaced with another church building a few blocks away (289), I wonder if they kept the original font with the new building? The cemetery does still exist off Air Street in Hull, who knows there may be a few of my ancestors buried there (Fig 10.3).

Thomas Hair, Charles's father and my great, great, great, great grandfather lived to a good old age of 83 years old, passing away in the third quarter of 1885 (290).

Fig 10.4 - Holy Trinity Church, Hull  (294)

Thomas Hair was born in about 1802 and christened on the 11th March 1802 at Holy Trinity Church in Hull, Yorkshire (Fig 10.4)  (291)  in the same font as William Wilberforce was also baptised (292). Holy Trinity is the largest parish church (by area of the floor) in the country  (293). Thomas' baptism records tell us that his father was also called Thomas Hair (291).

Thomas (born c1802) was married twice, his second wife was Harriet Phillipson (c1806) (295). She was a charwoman and widow, who was listed  as living with her son, William Henry Philipson, in the 1841 census (Fig 10.5) (296). The census would be just before her marriage to Thomas in 1842 in Sculcoates (297).

Fig 10.5 - Excerpt from the 1841 census (296)

Thomas and Harriet had no children together but Harriet became a step-mother to Thomas's children from his first marriage and Thomas a step-father to Harriet's son. The families are living together at 4 Cumberland Street, Hull, Yorkshire in the 1851 census (Fig 10.6) (298). It is interesting to note that Thomas was also a seed crusher, which meant Charles was following in his father's footsteps. It is quite probable there was an opening for employment with Charles at the same work place as his father, Thomas.

Fig 10.6 - Excerpt from 1851 census (298)

Thomas's second marriage was must have been a quickly planned one, as his first wife, Sarah, was still alive at the time of the 1841 census only a year before Thomas re-married (Fig 10.7) (299).

Fig 10.7 - Excerpt from the 1841 census (299)

Thomas married his first wife, Sarah Seddon, on the 13th December 1828 at St Mary's Church in Sculcoates, Hull, Yorkshire (Fig 10.3) (300)  and they had at least four other children together (excluding Charles), all born in Sculcoates, Yorkshire:

• John, the honeymoon child, born about ten months after his parents marriage in September 1829 was baptised in Sculcoates on the 4th October 1829 (301). He became a Merchant Shipping Clerk (302), which meant he must have had a reasonable education to be literate enough to become a clerk. Only approximately two-thirds of all bridegrooms in the UK in 1861 could sign their name on their marriage certificate, which meant another third were illiterate (303). He married Hannah Cook (or Cock) the daughter of Joseph Cook on the 24th February 1853 at Holy Trinity Church in Hull (Fig 10.4) (304). They had seven children all born in Hull, Eliza (1853) (302) & (305), Thomas (1857) (302) & (306), Anne Mary (1860) (302) & (307), John Richard (1862) (308), Emma (1864) (309), Elizabeth (1866) (310)  and Joseph Cook (1873) (311).
  
  
  

  

  Fig 10.8 - Excerpt from the 1861 census of Holy Trinity Parish of Hull (302)

  
  
• Thomas was born on 22nd December 1833 and baptised at Waltham Street Weslayan Chapel in Hull on the 2nd February 1834 (312). What happened to Thomas after his baptism is a mystery as he was not living with the family at the time of the 1841 census (Fig 10.7) (299), so whether he passed away or was living with other family or friends at the time of the census is a mystery at present.

• Martha was born on the 7th November 1835 and was also baptised at Waltham Street Wesleyan Chapel in Hull on the 6th December 1835 (313). Martha married Robert George Cooper in the July to September quarter of 1856 (314)  and the marriage is listed on the same page in the register as her brother Charles's marriage to Mary Jane Peacock (197). Either the siblings, Martha & Charles married on the same day or in the same church during the same registration period. She was also Charles's witness in which she used her maiden name, Hair implying that Charles’s marriage happened first (198).

• Mary was born c1838 (299)  and lived with her family at the time of the 1851 census where she is listed as a cooper (298) (Fig 10.6). A cooper was someone who made barrels (315), which would be an occupation I would expect a man to have rather than a woman. Later she becomes Mary Doherty through marriage and by 1871 she was listed as a widow with a few children (316) (Fig 10.9). 

Fig 10.9 - Excerpt of the 1871 census of Thomas Hair & family (316)

So, what of their natural mother, Sarah Seddon and her family, who was she? Where did she come from? The next chapter will unlock some of these questions for us.

Copyright © 2012 Ruth Hogan

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Chapter 11 - Hull in the 18th Century - The Seddon family

Fig 11.1 - Lemonroyd Lock - Aire & Calder Navigation (317)

Hull in the 18th Century
The 18th century was a period of major growth for the small town and port of Kingston upon Hull to the now city of Hull. The growth was due to the Industrial Revolution as in many other towns and villages. Trade from the docks was the main reason for Hull's expansion. Hull had become a trading centre for goods from across the World (318).

In 1699, authorisation was finally given to commence work on the Aire & Calder Navigation. The Navigation improved the trade routes of products from the growing manufacturing towns of Yorkshire to the wider world. The building of the canal systems meant that the transportation of goods from Leeds became considerably cheaper than it had been previously (318).

Cloth (wool to start with and later cotton) from the growing industrial towns of West Yorkshire along with metal products (such as cutlery, tools & stoves) from the steel and iron industries of South Yorkshire were exported out through Hull to Europe. Whereas timber, iron, tobacco, tar, pitch, linseed, flax and hemp were all imported into the country from Scandinavia, Germany, Prussia, Russia, Poland and Holland (318) & (319).

Hull had a number of small industries which also grew with the increasing of trade at the docks during the this period. Some of these were important in enticing my ancestors to the changing city of Hull, with the growth of the shipbuilding which brought my Davidson ancestors and seed crushing, which was a major employer for the male Hair ancestors (318) & (319).

During the 17th century, Hull became a place for rich merchant families to settle, one of these being the Wilberforce family in which William Wilberforce, the politician, was a descendant of. William did not go into the family merchant trade but became a politician and philanthropist, aiming to make the world a better place. He was instrumental in the Abolition of the Slave Trade, as depicted in the film "Amazing Grace". He had a strong evangelical Christian faith, which inspired him to become the politician, philanthropist and abolitionist he was (320).

Timeline 2 - History of Hull in the 18th Century (318) , (319) & (320)

Seddon, Sedan, Siddon, Seden, Sedon is a surname with many variant spellings. It is of a locational derivation meaning "the broad, wide hill" where "dun" means hill and is thought to originate from the Manchester and the wider Lancashire area (321) & (322). In fact even in more recent years the surname most commonly occurs in the Manchester locality than anywhere else in England (323).

Realising there are so many surname spelling variations of the name "Seddon" I suspect that the middle name of Joseph Sinden Hair (1875) (324), my great, great, great grandmother's (Martha Hair 1862) brother (see Tree 8) came from his own grandmother's maiden name, Seddon.

The further back one goes when researching their family tree the fewer records there are available for research to gain information about the family members. I was lucky in researching the Seddon family from Hull, as there are few people in the Hull vicinity with this surname and they had many of their children baptised at the local parish churches. Most of the research I have done on the Seddon family has been on the Family Search website (325), where there are no original records to view although the website does have a good reputation but there could be mistakes in my research and I apologise for this.

Tree 10 - The Seddon family of Hull

Sarah Seddon (1801) and Thomas Hair (1802) were my great, great, great, great grandparents, we have already looked at the life of Thomas in the previous chapter but now we will look into the lives of the Seddon's.

Sarah Seddon was born to John Seddon and Elizabeth nee Hall and was baptised at Holy Trinity Church in Hull, Yorkshire on the 24th July 1801 (Fig 10.4) (326). There are no censuses until 1841 so we do not know anything more about her life before that of what has already been told in the previous chapter.


John Seddon (1769-?) and Elizabeth Hall (c1770-?), my 5x great grandparents, married at St Mary's Church in Hull on the 20th December 1789 (Fig 10.3) (327).

John and Elizabeth had at least seven children, of which at least three died before reaching adulthood:

• Mary Ann was baptised at Sutton-on-Holderness near Hull on the 25th December 1790 (328).
• Harriot was baptised at Holy Trinity Church, Hull on the 10th October 1792 (329) and probably died before 1806 as they had another child baptised with the same name in 1806 (330).
• Sarah was baptised on the 11th October 1794 also at Holy Trinity Church, Hull (331) and buried on the 24th May 1797 in Hull, Yorkshire (332).
• Sarah, my great, great, great great grandmother (as above).
• Charlotte was baptised with her brother, John, on the 23rd September 1804 in Sculcoates, Yorkshire (333) and buried on the 26th December 1807 in Hull, Yorkshire (334).
• John as above was baptised on the 23rd September 1804 (335) with his sister, Charlotte, in Sculcoates, Yorkshire.
• Harriet was baptised on the 22nd June 1806 in Sculcoates, Yorkshire (330).

I have been unable to find any further records about the any of the other surviving children or death records for John or Elizabeth. Neither have I found any reference to who Elizabeth's parents may have been, due to Elizabeth Hall being a fairly common name. There are several Elizabeth Hall's christened at churches within the locality of East Yorkshire during the time frame she was probably born in. Without pre-knowledge of who her parents may have been it is difficult or impossible to establish which family she belongs to.

Although tracing Elizabeth's family line has not drawn any conclusions, John's family was a little more straight forward. John was born to John Seddon and Elizabeth nee Johnson and was baptised on the 7th February 1769 at St Mary's Church in Hull (336).


John Seddon (1745-1788) and Elizabeth Johnson (c1750-?), my 6x great grandparents married on the 2nd February 1768 in Hull, Yorkshire (Fig 11.5) (337).

John and Elizabeth had at least six children, known to me through baptism and burial records:

• John (1769), my 5x great grandfather, was born within his parents first year of marriage (336). 
• Elizabeth was baptised at Holy Trinity Church in Hull on the 7th September 1770 (338).
• Harriot was born in about 1775 (no baptism record found) but was buried on the 5th November 1780 in Hull, Yorkshire (339).
• Mordecai was born in about 1775 (no baptism record found) was buried a week after his sister on the 12th November 1780 in Hull, Yorkshire (340).
• Joseph was baptised at Holy Trinity Church, Hull on the 6th February 1776 (341).
• Mordecai was probably born after the older brother, Mordecai, died after 1780 but was also buried in Hull, Yorkshire on the 17th April 1785 (342).

It is sad to see so many children from one family die, especially two siblings dying within a week of one another! Today this is seen as tragic but yet for that period of history it was sadly more normal.

Due to records being scarce I have not researched any further with John's siblings nor for his wife Elizabeth Johnson.

John lived to be about 45 years old, which was a little bit longer than the life expectancy for this period (343) and was buried on the 3rd April 1788 in Hull, Yorkshire (344).

John was born to Mordecai Seddon and Dorothy Westerman and baptised at St Martin and St Gregory Church in York on the 22nd June 1746 (345).


Mordecai Seddon (c1720-1774) died in 1774 and was buried in Hull, Yorkshire on the 8th June 1774 (346).

Mordecai Seddon had been married at least three times, the latter marriage was to Ann Thompson on the 31st July 1757 at Holy Trinity Church in Hull (347). It is very probable that they had children together but I am not quite sure how many.

Fig 11.2 - Holy Trinity Church, Micklegate, York (349)

His second marriage was to Dorothy Westerman, which is the most important marriage to this story as it it this marriage that I am directly descended from. They married on the 6th January 1739 at Holy Trinity, Micklegate in York (348) & (349)  (Fig 11.2).

Holy Trinity Church in Micklegate, York has a rich history from a monastic past. It was once part of the priory set up in 1089 by Benedictine monks from Marmoutier in Normandy (350).

Mordecai's marriage to Dorothy produced at least seven children:

• William was baptised on the 8th February 1741 at Holy Trinity Church, Micklegate, York (351)  and buried on the 7th November 1749 in Hull, Yorkshire (352).
• Ann was baptised on the 16th January 1743 at Holy Trinity Church in York and died on the 13th October in the same year (353).
• Mordecai was baptised on the 2nd December 1744 at Holy Trinity Church in York (354) , and I think he survived into adulthood, married and had children of his own.
• John was my 6x great grandfather and his life has already been discussed above.
• Elizabeth was baptised on the 10th April 1747 in St Martin & St Gregory Church in York (355) as her brother John was.
• William, the second child with the name, was baptised on Christmas Day 1750 in Holy Trinity Church in Hull, Yorkshire (356)  but was sadly buried like his namesake was in Hull on the 23rd June 1753 (357).
• Christopher was baptised on the 18th February 1753 at Holy Trinity Church in Hull (358) but was buried a few weeks before his older brother William on the 24th May 1753 (359)  also in Hull, Yorkshire.

From the above baptism and burial records we can pin point the time that the family moved from York to Hull to between Elizabeth's baptism in York in April 1747 (355) and William's burial in Hull in November 1749 (352). What brought the family from the old, religious city of York to the small but growing town of Hull? Was there more work available in Hull or were the family traders? It would be interesting to know, perhaps one day I will?

Mordecai's first wife was Elizabeth Stephenson and they married on the 16th November 1738 at Holy Trinity Church in York (360)  only six weeks before his second marriage to Dorothy (348). I wonder what happened to Elizabeth so soon after his marriage to her, for no burial record has yet been found.

Mordecai's baptism record has not yet been discovered so I will keep searching and trying to push back further but for now on the Seddon line this is as far as I can go. Much more research can be done here in time.

Copyright © 2013 Ruth Hogan

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Chapter 12 - The maternal lines of my Davidson ancestry

Ok, so we're going back a step or two, to discover the maternal ancestral lines within my Davidson family. The first of these is:

The Peacock's (Mary Jane Peacock 1833-1908 & William Peacock 1799-c1861)
The surname Peacock is derived from the Middle English "pe", "pa" or "po" and "cok" meaning "male bird" was used as a nickname for a vain, strutting person (361). There is a high distribution of families with the surname in the Yorkshire area (361) & (362).

Tree 11 - The Peacock Family

Mary Jane Peacock is my great, great, great grandmother and her life is discussed very briefly in Chapter 9 & Chapter 10, but we will investigate a bit more about her and her family in this chapter.

A quick synopsis to help us catch up: Mary Jane Peacock married Charles Hair, the oil miller, on the 31st August 1856 at St James's Church, Sutton-on-Hull, East Yorkshire (198) & (211)  (Fig 9.1, 9.2 & 10.1). Charles and Mary Jane had at least twelve children together (200) & (211) and their fourth child was Martha Hair, my great, great grandmother, who later married Edward Davidson the boiler maker (187) from Bromley, Middlesex, London (161). The Peacock family were born and bred in Hull.

Mary Jane out lived her husband, Charles Hair, by sixteen years and finally left this world in the third quarter of 1908 in Sculcoates in Hull, Yorkshire aged 74 years old (363). The last census she is listed on is the 1901 census, where she is living at 10 Plate Terrace in Sculcoates with four of her children, Charles, Julia, Joseph and Frederick (Fig 12.1) (219).

Fig 12.1 - Excerpt from 1901 census of the Hair family (219)

Mary Jane was born to William Peacock and Ann nee Kay on the 2nd September 1833 and was christened or baptised on the 6th October 1833 at the Wesleyan Methodist Chapel in George Yard, Hull (364). The George Yard Chapel was erected in 1786 due to the increasing number of people converting to Methodism in the locality during this period (365).

Mary Jane was living with her parents and three sisters in Lime Street, Hull at the time of the 1841 census (366). Lime Street runs directly alongside the east side of the River Hull (367)  and is currently a very industrial area.

By 1851, the family were living at Church Row in Hull which is close to Lime Street but a little further inland from the river (Fig 12.2) (368). They had a few visitors staying with them from the other side of the Pennines. Mary Jane was working as a cotton reeler and her father was a shipwright, which is a shipbuilder or ship's carpenter (369), in the age before metal was commonly used for shipbuilding.

Fig 12.2 - Excerpt from the 1851 census of the Peacock family at Church Row, Hull (368)

Mary Jane's father, William Peacock (my great, great, great, great grandfather), must have passed away at some point in the years following for this is the last record we can find for him. On Mary Jane's marriage certificate to Charles Hair in 1856 he is listed as a shipwright but there is no mention of whether he was deceased (Fig 10.1) (198), which meant he could have still been living or the fact that he was deceased could have been omitted from the certificate. In 1861 William's wife and Mary Jane's mother, Ann, had become a nurse at The General Infirmary which also provided her accommodation (370), interestingly Ann remains recorded as married rather than a widow (Fig 12.3), so perhaps William was still living but elsewhere? Ann Peacock sadly passed away only a few years later (371).

Fig 12.3 - 1861 census page from The General Infirmary, Holy Trinity, Hull (370)

Fig 12.4 - St Mary's Church,
Lowgate, Hull (374)

William Peacock married Ann Kay on the 1st February 1829 at St Mary's Church, Kington-upon-Hull (372). St Mary's Church is quite a grand, medieval church and one of the original churches of Hull (Fig 12.4) (373) & (374).

William and Ann, had at least four daughters born in Hull:

• Elizabeth on the 5th June 1831 (375)
• Mary Jane on the 2nd September 1833 (364)  (my 3x great grandmother)
• Sarah Ann 1835  (376)
• Hannah 1839 (377)

These four daughters are the only known children of William and Ann as they're the only children listed on the 1841 census living with them (366). They could have had other children who had died in childhood. Interestingly, Elizabeth was baptised at the Wesleyan Chapel in Selby, Yorkshire (375), so could the family have moved to Selby for a short period of time?

William's father was John Peacock and William was baptised on the 30th January 1799 at Sutton-in-Holderness Church near Hull, Yorkshire (378).

The Kay's (Ann Kay 1804-1863 & Ralph Kay 1773-1853)
There are five possible derivations of the surname Kay or Kaye:

• from the Old English, "caeg" meaning key it could be an occupational name for a key-bearer or key maker 
• from the French for quay, "kaye" it could be topographical for someone who lived or worked on a wharf 
• of a Celtic origin from King Arthur's brother's name "Cai" in Welsh or "Key" in Cornish
• from the Old Norse, "ka" meaning jackdaw and a nickname for someone who resembled a jackdaw
• from the Danish "kei" meaning left and a nick-name for a left-handed person (379)

My auntie's maiden name was also Kaye so it is interesting that this same fairly unusual surname appears twice in different places in my family tree.

Tree 12 - The Kay Family

Fig 12.5 - St Peter & St Paul's Church,
Burton Pidsea (381)

So, what about Ann Kay my great, great, great, great grandmother who married William Peacock at St Mary's Church in Hull on the 1st February 1829 (372)?

Well, Ann was born to Ralph and Hannah Kay circa 1804 near Burton Pidsea, East Yorkshire (370). She was christened at Burton Pidsea Parish Church on the 18th November 1804  (380)  (Fig 12.5). Burton Pidsea is a small, rural village not far from Hull towards the east coast. 

Ann was one of at least eleven children to Ralph and Hannah Kay and their twelve known children were:

• Margaret was born in Elstronwick, East Yorkshire (382) and baptised on the 23rd October 1796 at Humbleton Parish Church, East Yorkshire (383) (a small village north of Burton Pidsea). She married a carpenter, James Norton at Sculcoates on the 11th February 1826 (384) and had at least three children, James born c1828 (385), Ann born c1836 (386) and Ralph born 1839 (387). (Fig 12.6)

Fig 12.6 - 1851 census of Margaret's family (382)

• Elizabeth was baptised on the 22nd January 1798 at Humbleton, East Yorkshire (388).

• Hannah was baptised on the 23rd November 1799 at Burton Pidsea church  (389).

• Ralph was baptised on the 8th March 1801 at Burton Pidsea (390) and married Ellen Campleman on the 6th May 1824 in Sculcoates near Hull (391).  He was a shoemaker and they had at least four children, the first was Sarah Ann who was born in 1825 in Hull (392), the other three children were born in Leeds and they were John Campleman (1829) (393), Hannah (1832) (394) and Ellen (1834) (395). Ralph passed away in the first quarter of 1859 in Hunslet, West Yorkshire (396). (Fig 12.7)

Fig 12.7 - 1841 census from Hunslet, Leeds of the Kay family (397)

• Robert was baptised on the 24th April 1804 at Burton Pidsea (398). 

• Ann (my great, great, great, great grandmother) was baptised on 18th November 1804 as mentioned above (380).

• John was baptised on the 24th April 1806 at Burton Pidsea (399). He married Mary before 1841 (400) , who already had two children (400) & (401)  but together they produced at least four children who were all born in Leeds, West Yorkshire: Elizabeth Hannah (c1838)  (401), Sarah (c1840) (401), Eleanor (c1841) (401) and John Ellis (c1844) (401). John was a cordwainer meaning he was a shoe and boot maker similarly to his elder brother Ralph. (Fig 12.8)

Fig 12.8 - 1861 census of John's family (402)

• Mary Jane was baptised on the 30th November 1808 at Burton Pidsea (403).

• Sarah was baptised on the 1st December 1810 at Burton Pidsea (404).

• William was baptised on the 19th January 1815 at Burton Pidsea (405). He married Mary and they appear to have had no children (406). They lived with an elderly spinster aunt named Mary Gilliat at both the 1851 (406)  and 1861 (407)  censuses. William was also a shoemaker (407). (Fig 12.9)

Fig 12.9 - Excerpt of 1861 census of William Kay's household (407)

• David was baptised on Christmas day 1817 at Burton Pidsea (408).

Ralph Kay and Hannah Ellis, my 5x great grandparents and the parents to the above children were married in Kingston-upon-Hull on the 12th Oct 1794 (409), both were aged 21 years old. Ralph had been christened at Keyingham Parish Church in East Yorkshire on the 2nd May 1775 and his father is named as William Kay (410).

Hannah died in the third quarter of 1838 (411) and six years later Ralph remarried Jane Knight in Hull, East Yorkshire (412). In 1851 Ralph is listed as a shoe maker and clothes dealer living with his second wife, Jane and their numerous lodgers at 20 Gt Passage Street in Hull (Fig 12.10) (413). Ralph died a few years later and was buried at Holy Trinity Church in Hull on the 30th June 1853 (414).

Fig 12.10 - 1851 census of Ralph Kay, his wife and their lodgers (413)

Copyright © 2013 Ruth Hogan

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Chapter 13 - The detailed life of Edward Davidson (1866-1928) and Martha Hair (1862-1929) in Hull from his notebook

Fig 13.1 - Edward & Martha Davidson (180)

After having considered the maternal ancestry of the Davidson family and Martha's ancestry, lets come back to learning about my direct Davidson ancestors beginning with Edward Davidson and Martha Hair and their marriage together.

Edward and Martha Davidson (Fig 13.1) were my great, great grandparents. Edward was born in Poplar, Middlesex on the 6th October 1866 (161) and moved to Kingston-upon-Hull as a young boy with his parents and older siblings (163). Martha Hair was born into the Hair family in the third quarter of 1862 and was born and bred in Hull, East Yorkshire (196).

Edward was apprenticed to the Hull Shipbuilders company (184) and during this apprenticeship married his darling fiancee, Martha Hair (187). They were married on the 31st August 1885 in the Sculcoates Parish Church, Hull (187) (Fig 8.11) which would have been All Saints Church at this period in history (415). Unfortunately this church is no longer in existence today.

In 1881, Martha was employed as a domestic servant but remained living in her family home at 10 Plate Terrace (Fig 10.2) (200). Becoming a domestic servant was a typical occupation for a spinster in the Victorian era, she would have been expected to do housekeeping duties, such as cooking, cleaning, laundry, ironing, shopping, caring for the children or elderly relatives for richer members of society (416). Probably all good experience for her becoming a wife, mother and housewife in the Victorian era, as she was never recorded as having an occupation after she married Edward (235), (417) & (418).

Timeline 3 - The life of Edward and Martha Davidson

Their first son was born not long after they were married in the first quarter of 1886 in Sculcoates near Hull, he was named after his father, Edward Davidson (419) but was always referred to as Uncle Ted. Their second son, Walter, followed a few years later on the 3rd June 1888 (420) and was my great grandfather.

In 1891 the family were living at 10 Beech Grove in East Hull, where Edward was listed as a boiler maker (Fig 13.2) (417).

Fig 13.2 - The Davidson family listed in the 1891 census (417)

Fig 13.3 - Excerpt from Edward Davidson's notebook
about his trip to London, Poplar, Witham & Greenwich (142)

Found amongst my great grandfather, Walter's papers when he passed away was a notebook which had belonged to his father, Edward Davidson. Edward had kept many interesting notes about life events, family trips and money accounts. This notebook was probably started in the early 1890's as the first dated entries are 1890 (142).

One of the earliest entries was an account of a trip to London in which they visited Poplar (where he was born (108) ), Witham near to where his maternal Aunt Louisa Robinson nee Redwood see Chapter 6) resided (421)  and Greenwich where his father was born (23). It does not tell us who went on this trip, was it was a family trip or just Edward himself? It is very interesting to see what Edward paid for on the trip and that the cost of a shave and a brush up was 6d (142), that is equivalent of approximately £1.50 in today's money (101) (Fig 13.3). Edward had left London when he was only a few years old so would have little memory of living there but perhaps he had been taken him on trips by his parents to visit the extended family in Herne Bay and London.

Edward's notebook also informs us that they were doing some house renovations and buying some new household items in 1890 and 1891 as he accounted buying a number of items including a "lookinglass" at the cost of £2 4s (142), an expensive item as in today's money that would be the equivalent of approximately £130 for a mirror (101)!

It would have been an expensive job to redecorate or renovate your house in the 1890's, but it appears that Edward and Martha bought everything, even down to the "honments" and "buckit" (142). (Fig 13.4)

Fig 13.4 - Excerpt from Edward Davidson's notebook with the accounts from
the cost of some household items for a room and bedroom (142)

Fig 13.5 - Excerpt from Edward Davidson's notebook
about the removal of Walter's finger (142)

Fig 13.6 - Excerpt from Edward Davidson's
notebook about his money lending (142)

Walter was memorable to my father for having only three fingers on one hand due to an accident and infection as a child. The date of the removal of his finger is also recorded in Edward's notebook. The event occurred on the 20th September 1893 and Walter had a further lump removed from his hand on the 7th November 1894 (142). (Fig 13.5)

A few years later Edward begins lending money to family and friends and kept rather accurate accounts of how much was lent and when he was repaid (142). (Fig 13.6) To be able to lend out money he and his wife must have enough coming in to be giving or lending some away.

Fig 13.7 - Martha with her sons,
Edward (AKA Ted) and Walter (422)

He also used his notebook to record the dates of death of his parents, John and Jane Davidson and his Aunts and Uncles, a few of which were mentioned earlier in the Davidson story (142) (Figs 6.3, 6.5, 6.8, 8.14 & 8.15).


In the collection of papers are many photos of the family, including regular photos of the boys sat with their mother at various stages in their life (422). Figure 13.7 is probably one of the first of these photos, although Walter does not appear too happy about it.

Fig 13.8 - An excerpt from Edward Davidson's
notebook about another trip to London in 1896 (142)

In 1896, there was another trip to London which is accounted for. They had to pay the cost of 10s or approximately £30 today for the "train fare" and 7d or £1.70 for a "broken glass" (101). On this trip they visited the theatre, drank ginger beer, saw a show and the "big weel" alongside enjoying a pork pie and many a cup of coffee with cakes (142). Quite an extravagant trip if you ask me.

Edward also visited London in May 1899, July 1902, August 1903, June 1905, on the 14th July 1906 for his "Aunt's Golden Wedding" in Witham, most probably Aunt Louisa Robinson nee Redwood and latterly in March 1907 for 6 days (142). Many times they would visit Herne Bay and Witham whilst on a trip to London, where I presume they would visit Edward's maternal family, the Redwood's.

Fig 13.9 - An excerpt from Edward Davidson's
notebook about Ted's accidents (142)

On the 26th May 1900 "Teddy discolated helbow" which is recorded next to an incident where "Ted fell from a ladder 16ft" twenty five years later (142), these accidents do make him sound a little accident prone.


In 1901 at the time of the census the family was living at 4 Hawthorn Villas, the address at which Edward and Martha would live for a number of years (418) (Fig 13.10). A house which the 1911 census tells us had five rooms (Fig 13.11) (235). A reasonable sized house for a family of four in the early 1900s.


The censuses tell us Ted followed in his father's footsteps, becoming a boiler maker but Walter was solely a labourer at the docks (235) & (418). The family story goes that Walter struggled to find work due to his disability of only having 3 fingers on one hand and was unable to get work which was more specialised such as becoming a boiler maker or rivetter.

Fig 13.10 - Excerpt from 1901 census returns of the Davidson family (418)

Fig 13.11 - Census page from 1911 census of the Davidson family (235)

Fig 13.12 - Lovely family photo with the
boys as young men (423)

Ted was the first to leave home to be married in the first quarter of 1909, he was 23 years old and married a Hull girl named Harriet Emma Hill (424). Six years later, Walter married a Hull girl named Kate Parkinson (425).

Edward sadly passed away on the 2nd February 1928 in Hull, Yorkshire (272)  only a few months before the birth of his third grandson. Edward left a will worth £425 14s (272) which is the equivalent of approximately £14,000 today (101). A reasonable estate value for the 1920s. James Hair, Martha's younger brother would be the money lender to become the executor of his will. Martha bought a burial plot at Hedon Road Cemetery in February 1928 so I presume this was for the burial of Edward and later herself (Fig 13.13) (426).

It would only be eighteen months later that Martha passed away as well on the 18th September 1929 in Withernsea (427). The family stories say that in Martha's old age she would stand on the street giving away money to young ladies for their wedding dresses and was starting to perhaps develop what is now recognised as dementia or Alzheimer's so spent her last days in a care home in Withernsea to the east of Hull. Martha also left a will but of a considerable lesser value than Edward's - £169 3s 1d (427), today's equivalent of £5,500 (101). Walter, their son was to become the executor of her will.

Fig 13.13 - A document showing the purchase of a burial plot at Hedon Road Cemetery, Hull
by Martha Hair in February 1928 (426)

I have visited Hedon Road Cemetery a number of times as I know this is also where Edward's parents, John and Jane are also buried (190) & (191)  (Fig 8.16 & 8.17) but I have never found a headstone for Edward or Martha Davidson, this could be due to there being no headstone erected or perhaps it was destroyed when the cemetery took a direct hit by a bomb in the Hull Blitz on the 23rd February 1941 (428)  during World War Two.

Lets now find out what happened to their boys, Uncle Ted and great grandad Walter Davidson.


Copyright © 2013 Ruth Hogan

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Chapter 14 - The Davidson boys into the 20th Century

Uncle Ted (Edward) Davidson (1886-?) married a Hull girl named Harriet Emma Hill in the first quarter of 1909 (424) and by 1911 they had had no children but were living at 11 Florence Avenue in Hull as a fairly newly married couple (429) (Fig 14.1).

Fig 14.1 - Census page for the 1911 census of Uncle Ted and his first wife (429)

Fig 14.2 - Uncle Ted and wife, Ethel (434)

Unfortunately, Harriet passed away only a few years later in the second quarter of 1914 (430) just a few months before the start of the Great War, but just under one year later Edward was marrying for a second time to Ethel Kirkham in Sunderland (431). Very little is known about his second wife but my grandad seems to remember that she was a Sunderland girl.

Having an occupation as a boiler maker would have attracted Edward to Sunderland as there was plenty of work in the ship building industry in the North East at this time.

Edward and Ethel had two daughters together, Emma known as Emmie who was born in 1915 (432) and a few years later Ethel was born in 1918 (433) around the time of the end of the first World War. 

I have tried to find out whether Edward signed up or was conscripted for service in the first World War but I have found no obvious records to prove that he was. I wonder whether due to his trade in ship building whether he would have been exempt from service?

At some point Uncle Ted became involved with the Salvation Army and became a part of the band (Fig 14.3) (435).

Fig 14.3 - Uncle Ted in the Salvation Army (he is third man sat from left on front row) (435)

After this Uncle Ted becomes rather lost in the records and only a few stories which have been passed down through the family remain. My grandad recollects that he was a keen gardener and latterly in life he was cared for by the Salvation Army in one of their homes for the elderly.

Fig 14.4 - 1st Class School Attendance Certificate for
Walter Davidson at Buckingham Street School (436)

Walter Davidson (1888-1969), my great grandfather worked as a labourer on the docks in Hull for the majority of his working life.


He was educated at Buckingham Street (436) and Craven Street Schools (437) respectively in Hull (Fig 14.5, 14.6 & 14.7) and seemingly had first class attendance.

Fig 14.5 - Buckingham Street Board School, Hull (438)

Fig 14.6 - Walter Davidson's school class photo
(he is the first child on the front row holding the number (439)

In 1911, he was working for Richard Wade & Sons who were Timber and Mahogany merchants who manufactured telegraph poles and railway sleepers (440) & (441). Walter & this team was working at Raven Street just off Hedon Road not far from the cemetery and prison in an ideal location with the railway sidings (Fig 14.7) (441).

Fig 14.7 - Walter Davidson's work colleagues at R. Wade & Sons in 1911
(he is on the second row on the far right) (440)

In April 1915, Walter married his sweetheart Kate Parkinson (425), the daughter of Walter James & Henrietta Parkinson (442). Kate was born in Hull, East Yorkshire in 1892 (443)  and her family lineage will be researched further and written about in a sequel along with the whole of the Parkinson family history, so watch this space. (Fig 14.8)

Fig14.8 - Walter Davidson & Kate Parkinson's Wedding (444)
(Middle: Walter Davidson & Kate Parkinson; Left side: Walter's parents - Edward and Martha Davidson not sure who the young girl is in the white dress; Right side - front: Henrietta Parkinson (Kate's mother) & ?sister of Kate?; Right side - back row: Walter James Parkinson (Kate's father) & ?brother of Kate or Kate's sister's boyfriend/husband?)

Walter was unable to participate in the Great War due to a few of his fingers having been amputated off his hand as a child (142). Kate and Walter went onto have five children over a period of sixteen years. The eldest was a honeymoon child whom they named Edward (445)  following the family naming pattern and was known to the family as Uncle Eddie. My grandfather was the fourth child and third son to the family.

As far as I am aware Walter continued to work at the docks in Hull and became a keen bowler and would play with his brother-in-law, John Henry Fenton (known as Jack Fenton) for East Hull United Bowling Club in Hull (447) . Walter was also a strong swimmer (446).

Fig 14.9 - East Hull United Bowling Club Card with the name of my great grandfather (Mr. W. Davidson)  as one of the prize winners (447)

The family of seven lived together in a small two bedroomed brick terrace house on Egypt Street in Marfleet to the east of Hull off Hedon Road (446).

During World War Two the family was sadly split up as the youngest two children were evacuated to Lincolnshire in early September 1939. They travelled on the ferry to New Holland in north Lincolnshire. My grandfather was evacuated to a farm in a village called Old Leake near Boston and has great memories of his evacuation days. Unfortunately, his sister who was four years younger did not have the same experience, she was sent to Redbourne and became very homesick. Approximately eight months later she was returned to her mother and the bombings in Hull (446).

The family felt that Hull was not safe during the war (and rightly so as Hull was the second most bombed city after London (179)) so Kate and their youngest daughter found a safer place to stay. They moved to Hawksworth Road in Horsforth, nr Leeds, West Yorkshire, but Walter had to stay with their eldest daughter in Hull due to their work. Eventually the family found a flat above a shop in New Road Side, Horsforth in which Walter, Kate and their two daughters could reside in. Walter found work at Kirkstall Forge, which was the best job he had ever had (446).

Fig 14.10 - Kirkstall Abbey (449)

Kirkstall Forge is known as the longest continually used industrial site in Britain. It was founded in the 13th century by the Cistercian monks of the Kirkstall Abbey which was a daughter house of Fountains Abbey in North Yorkshire (448) . Kirkstall Abbey (Fig 14.10) is two miles up the river Aire from Leeds city centre. The initial industry at Kirkstall Forge was a mill race built to power the corn mill for the abbey and later in the 1580's iron production commenced on the site. It was connected to the railway network in the 1830's and industry boomed during World War I when it began producing military vehicle axles. In the 1930's the industry switched to making axles for buses and lorries, but during World War II the industry was shifted again to supply axles for the military vehicles, so there would be plenty of work available for men like Walter Davidson who were not able to sign up to the army but allowed them to be involved in war work (448) .

In 1941, the family managed to move to a house on Low Lane, Horsforth and this enabled their youngest son, my grandfather to return back to the family. He had one year left at school and was then led to find work in the electronics industry as his mother felt that this was an emerging industry. She was correct, it was an industry he would find work in for the rest of his working life, right into his mid-70s. He had worked for Hoover as a salesman for many years before becoming self-employed as an home electrical appliance engineer, repairing washing machines and vacuum cleaners (446) .

The move to Horsforth allowed their evacuated children to come home but they left behind their extended families, life-long friends, two eldest children (although their eldest son was away at war) and their first grandson. I expect it would have been a big move away from the city they knew so well, they had grown up and brought their children up in, although they did return regularly to visit their family and friends along with a few trips to the seaside town of Bridlington on the east coast to get a bit of fresh sea air (Fig 14.11 & 14.12) (446) .

Fig 14.11 - Walter Davidson with his eldest sons at

Bridlington in 1952 (450)

Fig 14.12 - Walter & Kate Davidson at Bridlington in 1965 (451)

Fig 14.13 - Gravestone in memorial to Walter & Kate Davidson (454)

Walter and Kate would continue to live in Horsforth for the rest of their lives. They saw their grandchildren grow up and sadly passed away only a year apart at good ages, Walter was the first to die in 1969 (452) and Kate followed the year later (453) . They were buried in Horsforth Cemetery where their simple gravestone says: "Treasured memories of a dearly loved father and mother, Walter died 21st July 1969, aged 81 years old and Kate Davidson died 23rd October 1970, aged 78 years old" (454) (Fig 14.13).

So, for now this is the end of the story for as the phrase goes "the rest is history", as many members of the next generations are still living so one day perhaps there will be more to add but for now this is the end of the beginning of the next generations of Davidson's to come.

Copyright © 2013 Ruth Hogan

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References:

1. "Davidson (name)", www.wikipedia.org (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davidson_(name)), retrieved 19th October 2013.
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6. Record for Henry Davidson, Ancestry.com, London, England, Marriage and Banns, 1754-1921 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=lmamarriages&h=4117258&indiv=try), accessed 19th October 2013. Document also found at: London Metropolitan Archives, Saint Nicholas, Plumstead, Register of marriage, P97/NIC, Item 027.
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17. Record for Henry Davidson, Ancestry.com, 1851 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1851&h=2209564&indiv=try), accessed 20th October 2013. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: HO107; Piece: 1474; Folio: 444; Page: 48; GSU roll: 87797.
18. Charles Dickens, "Oliver Twist", Penguin Classics, New Ed edition (25 Jan 2007), 528 pages.
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20. Record for Thomas Davidson, Ancestry.com, 1841 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc, 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1841&h=4635458&indiv=try), accessed 20th October 2013. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: HO107; Piece 489; Book:18; Civil Parish: Greenwich; County: Kent; Enumeration District: Greenwich Royal Hospital For Seamen (1); Folio: 46; Page 3; Line: 2; GSU roll: 306881.
21. Record for Edward Lester, Ancestry.com, London, England, Births and Baptisms, 1813-1906 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc, 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=lmabirths&h=3919424&indiv=try), accessed 20th October 2013. Document also found at: London Metropolitan Archives, Poplar All Saints, Register of Baptism, P88/ALL1, Item 015.
22. Record for Michael Lester, Ancestry.com, 1861 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1861&h=5949218&indiv=try), accessed 20th October 2013. Documents also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG9; Piece: 301; Folio: 95; Page: 20; GSU roll: 542610.
23. Record for John Davidson, Ancestry.com, 1861 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1861&h=5949606&indiv=try), accessed 20th October 2013. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG6; Piece: 301; Folio: 106; Page: 5; GSU roll: 542610.
24. Record for Charlotte Lester, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Death Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmddeath&h=20780707&indiv=try), accessed 20th October 2013. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1866, Volume 1c, Pg 785.
25. Record for Michael Lester, Ancestry.com, London, England, Deaths and Burials, 1813-1980 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk ( http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=lmadeaths&h=13227823&indiv=try), accessed 20th October 2013. Document also found at: Board of Guardians; Wapping Branch Workhouse; Call Number: POBG/179.
26. Record for Thomas Davidson & Haniet (Harriet) Bailey, Ancestry.com, London, England, Marriages and Banns, 1754-1921 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=lmamarriages&h=7535405&indiv=try), accessed 20th October 2013. Documents also found at: London Metropolitan Archives, Saint George The Martyr, Register of marriages, P92/GEO, Item 206.
27. Record for Thomas Davidson & Martha Tull, Ancestry.com, London, England, Marriages and Banns, 1754-1921 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=lmamarriages&h=4116506&indiv=try), accessed 20th October 2013. Document also found at: London Metropolitan Archives, Saint Nicholas, Plumstead, Register of marriages, P97/NIC, Item 026.
28. Record for Eliza Davidson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Marriage Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?ti=5538&indiv=try&db=freebmdmarriage&h=7302739), accessed 27th October 2013. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1849, Volume 5, Pg 333.
29. Record for Joseph Crout, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Marriage Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDMarriage&indiv=try&h=6912452), accessed 27th October 2013. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes,  Jul-Aug-Sep 1849, Volume 5, Pg 333.
30. Record for John Davidson & Jane Redwood, Ancestry.com, London, England, Marriages and Banns, 1754-1921 (Provo, UT, USA,Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=lmamarriages&h=7327743&indiv=try), accessed 27th October 2013. Document also found at: London Metropolitan Archives, Saint Luke, West Norwood, Register of marriages, P85/LUK, Item 009.
31. Record for Henry Davidson & Octavia Gallafent, Ancestry.com, London, England, Marriages and Banns, 1754-1921 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=lmamarriages&h=2696769&indiv=try), accessed 27th October 2013. Document also found at: London Metropolitan Archives, Christ Church, Watney Street, Register of marriages, P93/CTC2, Item 025.
32. Record for Eliza Court, Ancestry.com, 1861 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1861&h=5950194&indiv=try), accessed 14th November 2013. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG 9; PIece: 301; Folio: 118; Page: 30; GSU roll: 542610.
33. Record for Joseph William Crout, Ancestry.com, London, England, Births and Baptisms, 1813-1906 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=lmabirths&h=4687904&indiv=try), accessed 27th October 2013. Document also found at: London Metropolitan Archives, Woolwich St Mary Magdalene, Register of Baptism, p97/mry, Item 013.
34. Record for George Davidson, Louisa Davidson, Elizabeth Crout & Jane Crout, Ancestry.com, London, England, Births and Baptisms, 1813-1906 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=lmabirths&h=4042307&indiv=try), accessed 27th October 2013. Document also found at: London Metropolitan Archives, Poplar All Saints, Register of Baptism, P88/ALL1, Item 016.
35. Record for Charlotte Crout, Ancestry.com, London, England, Births and Baptismsm 1813-1906 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=lmabirths&h=2913391&indiv=try), accessed 27th October 2013. Documents also found at: London Metropolitan Archives, Greenwich, East Christ Church, Register of Baptism, p78/ctc, Item 005.
36. Record for Henry Crout, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=40506360&indiv=try), accessed 27th October 2013. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes,  Jul-Aug-Sep 1858, Volume 1c, Pg 547.
37. Record for Henry Crout, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Death Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmddeath&h=8098270&indiv=try), accessed 27th October 2013. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Apr-May-Jun 1859, Volume 1c, Pg 363.
38. Record for Catharine Crout, Ancestry.com, London, England, Births and Baptisms, 1813-1906 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=lmabirths&h=4031697&indiv=try), accessed 27th October 2013. Documents also found at: London Metropolitan Archives, Poplar All Saints, Register of Baptism, P88/ALL1, Item 016.
39. Record for Catharine Crout, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Death Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmddeath&h=8098237&indiv=try), accessed 27th October 2013. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Oct-Nov-Dec 1861, Volume 1c, Pg 419.
40. Record for Thomas Edward Crout, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=40506448&indiv=try), accessed 14th November 2013. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Oct-Nov-Dec 1862, Volume 1c, Pg 616.
41. "All Saints Church, Poplar, London", www.wikipedia.org (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Poplar_all_saints_church_1.jpg), Photographer: Fin Fahey, 4 Feb 2006, retrieved 16th February 2014.
42. Record for Joseph Crout, Ancestry.com, England & Wales, National Probate Calendar (Index of Wills and Administrations), 1858-1966 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=ukprobatecal&h=4763744&indiv=try), accessed 14th November 2013. Documents also found at: 16th November 1869, Principle Probate Registry, Calendar of the Grants of Probate and Letters of Administration made in the Probate Registries of the High Court of Justice in England.
43. Record for Elijah Copeland,  FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=39405544&indiv=try), accessed 14th November 2013. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jan-Feb-Mar 1866, Volume 4a, Pg 44.
44. Record for Eliza Copeland, Ancestry.com and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1881 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2004), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1881&h=7685622&indiv=try), accessed 22nd November 2013. Documents also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG11; Piece: 719; Folio: 42; Page: 12; GSU roll: 1341167.
45. Record for Peter Copeland, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=39409286&indiv=try), accessed 22nd November 2013. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Apr-May-Jun 1872, Volume 1d, Pg 842.
46. "Workroom at St James Workhouse", www.wikipedia.org (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Workroom_at_St_James_Workhouse.jpg), Authors: Thomas Rowlandson (1756-1827), Augustus Charles Pugin (1762-1832),  John Bluck (fl. 1791-1819), Joseph Constantine Stadler (fl.1780-1812), Thomas Sutherland (1785-1838, J. Hill, and Harraden (aquatint engravers), 1808, retrieved 16th February 2014. 
47. Record for Henry Copeland, Ancestry.com, 1901 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1901&h=4143763&indiv=try), accessed 22nd November 2013. Documents also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG13; Piece: 543; Folio: 98; Page: 49.
48. Record for Henry Copeland, Ancestry.com, London, England, Deaths and Burials, 1813-1980 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=lmadeaths&h=12555099&indiv=try), accessed 22nd November 2013. Documents also found at: Board of Guardians; Workhouse (later institution) Woolwich Road; Call Number: GBG/259/003.
49. "The history of the workhouse", www.workhouses.org.uk (http://www.workhouses.org.uk), retrieved 22nd November 2013.
50. Record for Eliza Copeland, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Death Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmddeath&h=7424541&indiv=try), accessed 22nd November 2013. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jan-Feb-March 1911, Volume 4a, Pg 158.
51. Record for Eliza Copeland, Ancestry.com, 1901 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1901&h=4085738&indiv=try), accessed 22nd November 2013. Documents also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG13; Piece: 536; Folio: 137; Page: 48.
52. Record for Martha Tull, Ancestry.com, London, England, Births and Baptisms, 1813-1906 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=lmabirths&h=5099854&indiv=try), accessed 22nd November 2013. Documents also found at: London Metropolitan Archives, St George in the East, Register of Baptism, p93/geo, Item 013.
53. Record for Thomas Davidson, Ancestry.com, 1861 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1861&h=13984229&indiv=try), accessed 22nd November 2013. Documents also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG 9; Piece: 4446; Folio: 191; Page: ; GSU roll: 543286.
54. Record for Martha Davidson, Ancestry.com, 1861 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1861&h=5977808&indiv=try), accessed 22nd November 2013. Documents also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG 9; Piece: 305; Folio: 133; Page: 46; GSU roll: 542611.
55. Record for Thomas William Davidson, Ancestry.com, London, England, Births and Baptisms, 1813-1906 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=lmabirths&h=4068546&indiv=try), accessed 22nd November 2013. Documents also found at: London Metropolitan Archives, Poplar All Saints, Register of Baptism, P88/ALL1, Item 016.
56. Record for Martha Davidson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Death Index 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmddeath&h=8561718&indiv=try), accessed 22nd November 2013. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1863, Volume 1c, Pg 496.
57. Record for Martha Davidson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Death Index 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmddeath&h=8561722&indiv=try), accessed 27th November 2013. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1866, Volume 1c, Pg 785.
58. Record for Mary Davidson, Ancestry.com, 1871 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2004), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1871&h=12350462&indiv=try), accessed 27th November 2013. Documents also found at: The National Archives, Class RG10; Piece: 573; Folio: 108; Page: 37; GSU roll: 824891.
59. Record for Henry Davidson, Ancestry.com, 1901 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1901&h=2646932&indiv=try), accessed 27th November 2013. Documents also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG13; Piece: 223; Folio: 59; Page: 39.
60. "Plumstead: Church of St Nicholas",  www. geograph.org.uk (http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/382554),  Photographer: Nigel Cox, 31 Mar 2007, retrieved 28th November 2013.
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62. Record for Sarah Wood, Ancestry.com, London, England, Births and Baptisms, 1813-1906 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=lmabirths&h=4958505&indiv=try), accessed 28th November 2013. Documents also found at: London Metropolitan Archives, Woolwich St Mary Magdalene, Register of Baptism,  p97/mry, Item 017.
63. Record for Henry Davidson, Ancestry.com, 1871 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2004), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1871&h=13997599&indiv=try), accessed 28th November 2013. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG10; Piece: 787; Folio: 68; Page: 11; GSU roll: 827741.
64. Record for Daniel Gallafent, Ancestry.com, 1861 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1861&h=5839304&indiv=try), accessed 6th December 2013. Documents also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG9; Piece: 284; Folio: 60; Page: 14; GSU roll: 542606.
65. Record for Orpha Sarah O Davidson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=41261617&indiv=try), accessed 6th December 2013. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jan-Feb-Mar 1869, Volume 1d, Pg 942.
66. Record for Victor Alexander Rettich, Ancestry.com, UK, Civil Divorce Records, 1858-1911 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2012), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=divorcerecords&h=36714&indiv=try), accessed 6th December 2013.  Document also found at: Court for Divorce and Matrimonial Causes, later Supreme Court of Judicature: Divorce and Matrimonial Causes Files, 1858-2002, Records of the Family Division and predecessors, Records of the Supreme Court of Judicature and related courts, The National Archives, Kew, Surrey, England, Divorce Court File Number: 15630.
67. Record for Esmiralda Kate O Davidson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=41251928&indiv=try), accessed 6th December 2013. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1874, Volume 1d, Pg 958.
68. Record for Henry Davidson, Ancestry.com and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1881 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2004), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1881&h=15330026&indiv=try), accessed 6th December 2013. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG11; Piece: 472; Folio: 148; Page: 42; GSU roll: 1341103.
69. Record for Bertha Violet O Davidson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=41248757&indiv=try), accessed 6th December 2013. Original Data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1878, Volume 1c, Pg 613.
70. Record for Daisy Claudine O Davidson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://interactive.ancestry.co.uk/8912/ONS_B18802AZ-0073?backurl=http%3a%2f%2fsearch.ancestry.co.uk%2fsearch%2fdb.aspx%3fdbid%3d8912%26path%3d&ssrc=&backlabel=ReturnBrowsing#?imageId=ONS_B18802AZ-0074), accessed 6th December 2013. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jan-Feb-Mar 1880, Volume 1c, Pg 528.
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75. Record for William Barrow, Ancestry.com, London, England, Births and Baptism, 1813-1906 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=lmabirths&h=3561304&indiv=try), accessed 8th December 2013. Document also found at: London Metropolitan Archives, Bethnal Green St Matthias, Register of Baptism, p72/mts, Item 008.
76. Record for William Barrow, Ancestry.com, London, England, Marriages and Banns, 1754-1921 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=lmamarriages&h=4152549&indiv=try), accessed 8th December 2013. Document also found at: London Metropolitan Archives, Saint Thomas, Stepney, Register of marriages, P93/TMS, Item 035.
77. Record for Katie Bertha Barrow, Ancestry.com, London, England, Births and Baptisms, 1813-1906 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=lmabirths&h=3861563&indiv=try), accessed 8th December 2013. Document also found at: London Metropolitan Archives,  Dalston Holy Trinity, Register of Baptism, p79/tri, Item 002.
78. Record for George Alb Barrow, Ancestry.com, London, England, School Admissions and Discharges, 1840-1911 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=admissdischarges&h=8713640&indiv=try), accessed 8th December 2013. Document also found at: School Admissions and Discharges, 1840-1911, London, England: London Metropolitan Archives, Yerbury Road School (0631) opened 1884, in 1951 renamed Yerbury Primary School, Ref No: LCC/EO/DIV03/YER/AD/002.
79. Record for Henry Barrow, Ancestry.com, London, England, School Admissions and Discharges, 1840-1911 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=admissdischarges&h=8405920&indiv=try), accessed 8th December 2013. Document also found at: School Admissions and Discharges, 1840-1911, London, England: London Metropolitan Archives, Tottenham Road School opened 1874, renamed De Beauvoir School in 1951, Ref No: LCC/EO/DIV04/TOT/AD/014.
80. Record for Orpha Sarah O Davidson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Marriage Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?new=1&gsfn=orpha&gsln=davidson&rank=1&gss=angs-c&msrpn__ftp=london&msydy=1890&pcat=34&h=7308523&recoff=3+5+6&db=FreeBMDMarriage&indiv=1&ml_rpos=1), accessed 18th December 2013. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jan-Feb-Mar 1890, Volume 1b, Pg 602.
81. Record for William Foster Trappitt, Ancestry.com, London, England, Freedom of the City Admission Papers, 1681-1925 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=londonfreedomofcity&h=729025&indiv=try), accessed 18th December 2013. Document also found at: Freedom Admissions Papers, 1861-1925, London Metropolitan Archives, COL/CHD/FR/02.
82. Record for William Foster Trappitt, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=55970517&indiv=try), accessed 18th December 2013. Original Data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jan-Feb-Mar 1864, Volume 1c, Pg 170.
83. Record for William Joseph Trappitt, Ancestry.com, London, England, Freedom of the City Admission Papers, 1681-1925 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=londonfreedomofcity&h=722617&indiv=try), accessed 18th December 2013. Document also found at: Freedom Admissions Papers, 1861-1925, London Metropolitan Archives, COL/CHD/FR/02.
84. Record for William Foster Trappett, Ancestry.com, London, England, Births and Baptisms, 1813-1906 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=lmabirths&h=599581&indiv=try), accessed 18th December 2013. Document also found at: London Metropolitan Archives, Shoreditch St Leonard, Register of Baptism, P91/LEN/A/01/Ms 7496, Item 64.
85. Record for Victor Alexander Rettich, Ancestry.com, UK, Civil Divorce Records, 1858-1911 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2012), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=divorcerecords&h=36714&indiv=try), accessed 19th December 2013. Document also found at: The National Archives of the UK; Kew, Surrey, England; Court for Divorce and Matrimonial Causes, later Supreme Court of Judicature: Divorce and Matrimonial Causes Files; Reference: J 77/513/15630.
86. Record for Victor Alexander Rettich, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=30485823&indiv=try), accessed 19th December 2013. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1868, Volume 1d, Pg 438.
87. Record for Albert Rittich, Ancestry.com and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1881 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2004), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1881&h=21613547&indiv=try), accessed 19th December 2013. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG11; Piece: 831; Folio: 94; Page: 28; GSU roll: 1341196.
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91. Record for Esmeralda Kate O Davidson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Marriage Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?new=1&gsfn=esmeralda&gsln=davidson&rank=1&gss=angs-c&msydy=1895&pcat=34&h=7303491&recoff=3+6&db=FreeBMDMarriage&indiv=1&ml_rpos=1), accessed 19th December 2013. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1895, Volume 1b, Pg 1050.
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93. Record for Esmeralda Disteli, Ancestry.com, 1911 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1911england&h=40126201&indiv=try), accessed 19th December 2013. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG14; Piece: 7207; Schedule Number: 180.
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95. Record for Bertha Violet O Davidson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Marriage Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&db=FreeBMDMarriage&rank=1&new=1&MSAV=1&msT=1&gss=angs-d&gsfn=bertha&gsln=davidson&msgdy=1989&dbOnly=_F00056EC%7c_F00056EC_x%2c_F0005906%7c_F0005906_x&uidh=x18&pcat=34&fh=7&h=7301954&recoff=3+6&ml_rpos=8), accessed 27th December 2013. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1898, Volume 1b, Pg 1237.
96. Record for Henry Davidson, Ancestry.com, 1911 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1911england&h=3721108&indiv=try), accessed 27th December 2013. Document also found at: Census Returns of England and Wales, 1911, Kew, Surrey, England: The National Archives of the UK (TNA), 1911, Class: RG14, Piece: 2289.
97. Record for Daisy Claudine O Davidson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Marriage Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&db=FreeBMDMarriage&rank=1&new=1&MSAV=1&msT=1&gss=angs-d&gsfn=daisy&gsln=davidson&msgdy=1902&dbOnly=_F00056EC%7c_F00056EC_x%2c_F0005906%7c_F0005906_x&uidh=x18&pcat=34&fh=2&h=7302366&recoff=3+6&ml_rpos=3), accessed 27th December 2013. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Oct-Nov-Dec 1902, Volume 1b, Pg 1055.
98. Record for Israel Brown, Ancestry.com, 1911 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1911england&h=3727711&indiv=try), accessed 27th December 2013. Document also found at: Census Returns of England and Wales, 1911, Kew, Surrey, England: The National Archives of the UK (TNA), 1911, Class: RG14, Piece: 2293.
99. Record for Henry Davidson, Ancestry.com, England & Wales, Death Index 1916-2005 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2007), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=onsdeath93&h=18016287&indiv=try), accessed 27th December 2013. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Sep 1928, Volume 1d, Pg 449.
100. Record for Octavia Mary Ann Davidson, Ancestry.com, England & Wales, National Probate Calendar (Index of Wills and Administrations), 1861-1941 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=ukprobatecal&h=5539312&indiv=try), accessed 27th December 2013. Document also found at: 30th May 1930, Principle Probate Registry, Calendar of the Grants of Probate and Letters of Administration made in the Probate Registries of the High Court of Justice in England.
101. "Currency Converter",  www.nationalarchives.gov.uk (http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/currency/default0.asp#mid), retrieved 27th December 2013.
102. Record for Jane Redwood, 7th October 1827, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/NNT1-HLD), accessed 27th December 2013. Further info: Jane Redwood, 07 Oct 1827; citing Herne, Kent, England, reference ; FHL microfilm 1,786,548.
103. Record for John Davidson, Ancestry.com, London, England, Births and Baptisms, 1813-1906 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=lmabirths&h=4046234&indiv=try), accessed 27th December 2013. Document also found at: Board of Guardian Records, 1834-1906 and Church of England Parish Registers, 1754-1906, London Metropolitan Archives, London, Kensington St James Norlands.
104. Record for Louisa Elizabeth Davidson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=41258883&indiv=try), accessed 27th December 2013. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1856, Volume 1c, Pg 598.
105. Record for Augusta Davidson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=41248602&indiv=try), accessed 27th December 2013. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1859, Volume 1c, Pg 546.
106. Record for George Davidson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=41253094&indiv=try), accessed 27th December 2013. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Oct-Nov-Dec 1860, Volume 1c, Pg 594.
107. Record for Alfred Davidson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=41247235&indiv=try), accessed 27th December 2013. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Oct-Nov-Dec 1863, Volume 1c, Pg 611.
108. Record for Edward Davidson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=41250307&indiv=try), accessed 27th December 2013. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Oct-Nov-Dec 1866, Volume 1c, Pg 620.
109. "Last Name: Redwood", www.surnamedb.com (http://www.surnamedb.com/Surname/Redwood), retrieved 27th December 2013.
110. "Redwood Family History", www.ancestry.co.uk (http://www.ancestry.co.uk/name-origin?surname=redwood), retrieved 27th December 2013.
111. "Herne Bay, Kent", www.wikipedia.org (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herne_Bay,_Kent), retrieved 27th December 2013.
112. Record for James Redwood, 05 Nov 1797, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/NNJ3-K3P), accessed 27th December 2013. Further info: James Redwood, 05 Nov 1797; citing Kent, England, reference 67/165a; FHL microfilm 1,736,630.
113. Record for Sophia Homans, 15 Apr 1798, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975,  index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/NNVQ-58V), accessed 4th January 2014. Further info: Sophia Homa, 15 Apr 1798; citing Kent, England, reference item 1 117-193; FHL microfilm 1,736,835.
114. Record for James Redwood and Sophia Homans, 13 Oct 1818, England Marriages, 1538-1973,  index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/NND8-8YY), accessed 4th January 2014. Further info: James Redwood and Sophia Homans, 13 Oct 1818; citing Herne, Kent England, reference ; FHL microfilm 1,786,548.
115. "St Martin's Church, Herne, Kent", www.geograph.org.uk (http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/857959), Photographer: John Salmon, 24 Jun 2008, retrieved 16th February 2014.
116. Record for Stephen Redwood, 16 Aug 1819, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975,  index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/NJMB-KV2), accessed 4th January 2014. Further info: Stephen Redwood, 16 Aug 1819; citing Herne, Kent, England, reference 45; FHL microfilm 1,836,274.
117. Record for William Redwood, 22 Jan 1821, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975,  index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/JS43-J99), accessed 4th January 2014. Further info: William Redwood, 22 Jan 1821; citing Herne, Kent, England, reference 53; FHL microfilm 1,836,274.
118. Record for Louisa Redwood, 15 Nov 1825, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975,  index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/JQ4S-TB9), accessed 4th January 2014. Further info: Louisa Redwood, 15 Nov 1825; citing Herne, Kent, England, reference 86; FHL microfilm 1,836,274.
119. Record for George Redwood, 06 May 1832, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975,  index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/NTGV-RB2), accessed 4th January 2014. Further info: George Redwood, 06 May 1832; citing Kent, England, reference item 3 p 16; FHL microfilm 1,835,791.
120. Record for Alfred Redwood, 11 May 1834, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975,  index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/JQWV-L4K), accessed 4th January 2014. Further info: Alfred Redwood, 11 May 1834; citing Herne, Kent, England, reference ; FHL microfilm 1,786,548.
121. Record for Jesse Redwood, 22 May 1836, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975,  index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/NJMB-6FH), accessed 4th January 2014. Further info:  Jesse Redwood, 22 May 1836; citing Herne, Kent, England, reference ; FHL microfilm 1,786,548.
122. Record for Augustus Redwood, 16 Sep 1838, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975,  index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/J7PS-CVD), accessed 4th January 2014. Further info: Augustus Redwood, 16 Sep 1838; citing Herne, Kent, England, reference 4; FHL microfilm 1,836,274.
123. Record for Charles Redwood, 28 Mar 1841, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975,  index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/NNT1-WRP), accessed 4th January 2014. Further info: Charles Redwood, 28 Mar 1841; citing Herne Bay, Kent, England, reference item 2 p 1; FHL microfilm 1,786,548.
124. "Fred C Palmer Herne Church 004", www.wikipedia.org (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fred_C_Palmer_Herne_Church_004.jpg), Photographer: Fred C Palmer, 1903-1918, retrieved 16th Feb 2014.
125. Record for James Redwood, Ancestry.com, 1851 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1851&h=3053450&indiv=try), accessed 27th December 2013. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: HO107; Piece: 1625; Folio: 343; Page 31; GSU roll: 193526.
126. Record for James Redwood, Ancestry.com, 1861 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1861&h=7327674&indiv=try), accessed 4th January 2013. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG9; Piece: 523; Folio: 95; Page: 24; GSU roll: 542654.
127. Record for Sophia Redwood, 16 Aug 1868, England Death and Burials, 1538-1991, index, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/JD7Y-T36), accessed 4th January 2014. Further info: Sophia Redwood, 16 Aug 1868, citing , reference p84 #668; FHL microfilm 1,836,275.
128. Record for James Redwood, Ancestry.com, 1871 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2004), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1871&h=6195902&indiv=try), accessed 4th January 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG10, Piece: 975, Folio: 74, Page: 41, GSU roll: 827254.
129. Record for James Redwood, 13 Feb 1872, England Deaths and Burials, 1538-1991, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/JD7Y-YMG), accessed 4th January 2014. Further info: James Redwood, 13 Feb 1872; citing , reference p10 #77; FHL microfilm 1,836,275.
130. Record for Stephen Redwood and Caroline Cock, 13 Aug 1843, England Marriages, 1538-1973, index, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/NNX9-N4C), accessed 4th January 2014. Further info: Stephen Redwood and Caroline Cock, 13 Aug 1843; citing ; reference p10 #77; FHL microfilm 1,836,275.
131. Record for Stephen Redwood, Ancestry.com, 1861 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1861&h=7330488&indiv=try), accessed 4th January 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG9, Piece: 524, Folio: 40, Page: 10, GSU roll: 542655.
132. Record for Edwin Redwood, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=30217885&indiv=try), accessed 4th January 2014.  Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Oct-Nov-Dec 1864, Volume 2a, Pg 600.
133. Record for Steven Redwood, Ancestry.com and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1881 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2004), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1881&h=15887735&indiv=try), accessed 4th January 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG11, Piece: 1383, Folio:56, Page: 40, GSU roll: 1341336.
134. Record for Stephen Redwood, Ancestry.com, 1901 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1901&h=5831025&indiv=try), accessed 4th January 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG13, Piece: 808, Folio:32, Page: 16.
135. Record for Stephen Redwood, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Death Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmddeath&h=27908186&indiv=try), accessed 4th January 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1908, Volume 2a, Pg 497.
136. Record for William Redwood, Ancestry.com, 1861 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1861&h=13991972&indiv=try), accessed 23rd February 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG9, Piece: 4457, Folio: 111, GSU roll: 543289.
137. Record for William Redwood and Elizabeth Bettsworth, 12 Jun 1851, England Marriages, 1538-1973, index, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/NNX9-NWV), accessed 23rd February 2014. Further info: William Redwood and Elizabeth Bettsworth, 12 Jun 1851; citing Herne, Kent, England, reference p80 #159; FHL microfilm 1,836,275.
138. Record for William Absolem Redwood, 22 Aug 1852, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/NJMB-CMG), accessed 23rd February 2014. Further info: William Absolem Redwood, 22 Aug 1852; citing Herne, Kent, England, reference 139; FHL microfilm 1,836,274.
139. Record for Lavinia Elizabeth Redwood, 8 Jan 1854, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/JM3W-T6J), accessed 23rd February 2014. Further info: Lavinia Elizabeth Redwood, 8 Jan 1854, citing Herne Bay, Kent, England, reference ; FHL microfilm 1,786,548.
140. Record for George James Redwood, 22 Jul 1855, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/NTG3-643), accessed 23rd February 2014. Further info: George James Redwood, 22 Jul 1855; citing Herne Bay, Kent, England, reference ; FHL microfilm 1,786,548.
141. Record for William Redwood, Ancestry.com, 1871 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2004), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1871&h=6188271&indiv=try), accessed 23rd February 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG10, Piece: 973, Folio: 115, Page: 40, GSU roll: 827253.
142. Family data, Edward Davidson's Notebook, passed down from Edward Davidson to his son Walter Davidson, to his grandson John Davidson and to his daughter, Ruth Hogan nee Davidson.
143. Record for Louisa Redwood, Ancestry.com, 1851 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1851&h=3039473&indiv=try), accessed 23rd February 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: HO107, Piece: 1624, Folio: 358, Page: 5, GSU roll: 193525.
144. Record for Louisa Robinson, Ancestry.com, 1861 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1861&h=10898231&indiv=try), accessed 23rd February 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG9, Piece: 774, Folio: 14, Page: 21, GSU roll: 542699.
145. Record for Louisa Redwood, Ancestry.com, London, England, Marriages and Banns, 1754-1921 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=lmamarriages&h=5160535&indiv=try), accessed 23rd February 2014. Document also found at: London Metropolitan Archives, London, Saint Anne, Limehouse, Register of marriages, P93/ANN, Item 034.
146. Record for Louisa Robinson, Ancestry.com, 1871 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2004), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1871&h=1137439&indiv=try), accessed 23rd February 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG10, Piece:1313, Folio: 13, Page: 18, GSU roll: 838781.
147. Record for Louisa Robinson, Ancestry.com and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1881 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2004), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1881&h=5099101&indiv=try), accessed 23rd February 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG11, Piece: 1778, Folio: 74, Page: 10, GSU roll: 1341429.
148. Record for Henry Willsmore, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Marriage Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDMarriage&indiv=try&h=31771946), accessed 23rd February 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Oct-Nov-Dec 1884, Volume 4a, Pg 531.
149. Record for Louisa Robinson, Ancestry.com, 1911 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1911england&h=53389957&indiv=try), accessed on 23rd February 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG14, Piece: 10213, Schedule Number: 92.
150. Record for Louisa Robinson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Death Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmddeath&h=28793018&indiv=try), accessed 23rd February 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jan-Feb-Mar 1914, Volume 4a, Page 805.
151. "The Rectory, Goldhanger", Postcard from Alice Willsmore to Edward Davidson, passed down from Edward Davidson to his son Walter Davidson, to his grandson, John Davidson and to his daughter, Ruth Hogan nee Davidson.
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153. Record for Alfred Redwood, Ancestry.com, 1871 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2004), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1871&h=6188227&indiv=try), accessed 2nd March 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG10, Piece: 973, Folio: 114, Page: 38, GSU roll: 827253.
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156. Record for Alfred Redwood, Ancestry.com and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1881 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2004), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1881&h=8371850&indiv=try), accessed 2nd March 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG11, Piece: 963, Folio: 117, Page: 19, GSU roll: 1341229.
157. Record for Alfred Redwood, Ancestry.com, England & Wales, National Probate Calendar (Index of Wills and Administrations), 1858-1966 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=ukprobatecal&h=5449006&indiv=try), accessed 2nd March 2014. Document also found at: 21st January 1898, Principle Probate Registry, Calendar of the Grants of Probate and Letters of Administration made in the Probate Registries of the High Court of Justice in England.
158. Record for Jane Redwood, Ancestry.com, 1851 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1851&h=2042886&indiv=try), accessed 2nd March 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: HO107, PieceL 1466, Folio: 148, Page: 20, GSU roll: 87787.
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161. Record for Edward Davidson, Original Birth Certificate, passed down from Edward Davidson to his son Walter Davidson, to his grandson John Davidson and to his daughter, Ruth Hogan nee Davidson.
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163. Record for John Davison, Ancestry.com, 1871 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2004), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1871&h=9976473&indiv=try), accessed 8th March 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG10, Piece: 4773, Folio: 202, Page: 40, GSU roll: 847337.
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166. Record for Louisa Davidson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Marriage Index 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDMarriage&indiv=try&h=7307025), accessed 8th March 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1880, Volume 9d, Page 423.
167. Record for Louisa Jackson, Ancestry.com and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1881 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2004), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1881&h=26081365&indiv=try), accessed 8th March 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG11, Piece: 4754, Folio: 124, Page: 38, GSU roll: 1342148.
168. Record for Louisa Jackson, Ancestry.com, 1901 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1901&h=28603143&indiv=try), accessed 8th March 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG13, Piece: 4467, Folio: 78, Page: 6.
169. Record for Louisa Ed Jackson, Ancestry.com, 1911 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1911england&h=32620216&indiv=try), accessed 8th March 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG14, Piece: 28587.
170. "Reckitt's Blue", www.flickr.com (http://www.flickr.com/photos/lwr/2438494060/), Photographer: Leo Reynolds, 30 Sept 2007, retrieved 16th Feb 2014.
171. "Reckitt Benckiser", www.wikipedia.org (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reckitt_Benckiser), accessed 8th March 2014.
172. "Hullwebs History of Hull: Reckitt & Coleman's Chronology", www.hullwebs.co.uk (http://www.hullwebs.co.uk/content/l-20c/industry/reckitts/reckitt-cronology.htm), accessed 8th March 2014.
173. "RB History", www.rb.com (http://www.rb.com/rb-worldwide/rb-history), accessed 8th March 2014.
174. Record for Louisa E Jackson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Death Index 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmddeath&h=18060771&indiv=try), accessed 8th March 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1911, Volume 9d, Page 148.
175. Record for George Davidson, Ancestry.com, 1891 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1891&h=17887919&indiv=try), accessed 9th March 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG12, Piece: 3912, Folio: 110, Page: 3, GSU roll: 6099022.
176. Record for George Davidson, Ancestry.com, 1911 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1911england&h=32616957&indiv=try), accessed 9th March 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG14, Piece: 28588.
177. Record for Alfred Davidson, Ancestry.com, 1891 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1891&h=17815143&indiv=try), accessed 9th March 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG12, Piece: 3925, Folio: 71, Page: 10, GSU roll: 6099035.
178. Record for Alfred Davidson, Ancestry.com, England & Wales, Death Index, 1916-2007 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2007), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=onsdeath93&h=25084158&indiv=try), accessed 9th March 2014. Original data:  General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Sept 1940, Volume 9d, Page 374.
179. "Hull Blitz", www.wikipedia.org (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hull_Blitz), accessed 9th March 2014.
180. Family Data, photo of Edward Davidson, passed down from Edward Davidson to his son Walter Davidson, to his grandson John Davidson and to his daughter, Ruth Hogan nee Davidson.
181. Record for Edward Davidson, Ancestry.com and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1881 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2004), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1881&h=26041292&indiv=try), accessed 9th March 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG11, Piece: 4746, Folio: 139, Page: 37, GSU roll: 1342146.
182. "Victorian Occupations", www.census1891.com (http://www.census1891.com/occupations-r.htm), accessed 9th March 2014.
183. "The Free Dictionary: Rivetter", www.thefreedictionary.com (http://www.thefreedictionary.com/rivetter), accessed 9th March 2014.
184. Family Data, Apprenticeship Indenture for Edward Davidson, passed down from Edward Davidson to his son Walter Davidson, to his grandson John Davidson and to his daughter, Ruth Hogan nee Davidson.
185. "The Avenues, Hull", www.wikipedia.org (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Avenues,_Hull), accessed 9th March 2014.
186. The London Gazette, 11th December 1883, Page 6428, www.london-gazette.co.uk (http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/25295/pages/6428/page.pdf), accessed 9th March 2014.
187. Family Data, Original copy of the marriage certificate of Edward Davidson and Martha Hair, passed down from Edward Davidson to his son Walter Davidson, to his grandson John Davidson and to his daughter, Ruth Hogan nee Davidson.
188. Family Data, Portrait Photo of John and Jane Davidson, passed down from Edward Davidson to his son Walter Davidson, to his grandson John Davidson and to his daughter, Ruth Hogan nee Davidson.
189. Record for Jane Davidson, Ancestry.com, 1891 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1891&h=17887994&indiv=try), accessed 9th March 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG12, Piece: 3912, Folio: 125, Page: 33, GSU roll: 6099022.
190. Family Data, Photo of the gravestone of John and Jane Davidson, passed down from Edward Davidson to his son Walter Davidson, to his grandson John Davidson and to his daughter, Ruth Hogan nee Davidson.
191. Photo of John and Jane Davidson's grave at Hedon Road Cemetery, Hull, Yorkshire, taken in 2011, photographer: Ruth Hogan.
192. "The Internet Surname Database: Last name: Hair", www.surnamedb.com (http://www.surnamedb.com/Surname/Hair), accessed 16th March 2014.
193. "Public Profiler GB: Haire", www.gbnames.publicprofiler.org (http://gbnames.publicprofiler.org/Map.aspx?name=HAIRE&year=1881&altyear=1998&country=GB&type=name), accessed 16th March 2014.
194. "Public Profiler GB: Hair", www.gbnames.publicprofiler.org (http://gbnames.publicprofiler.org/Map.aspx?name=HAIR&year=1881&altyear=1998&country=GB&type=name), accessed 16th March 2014.
195. "Public Profiler GB: Hare", www.gbnames.publicprofiler.org (http://gbnames.publicprofiler.org/Map.aspx?name=HARE&year=1881&altyear=1998&country=GB&type=name), accessed 16th March 2014.
196. Record for Martha Hair, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=7879414&indiv=try), accessed 20th April 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Oct-Nov-Dec 1862, Volume 9d, Page 144.
197. Record for Charles Hair, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Marriage Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDMarriage&indiv=try&h=12138707), accessed 20th April 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1856, Volume 9d, Page 243.
198. Family Data, Copy of the original Marriage Certificate, owned by Ruth Hogan.
199. Record for Martha Hair, Ancestry.com, 1871 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2004), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1871&h=10014423&indiv=try), accessed 20th April 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class RG10, Piece: 4782, Folio: 115, Page: 13, GSU roll: 847341.
200. Record for Charles Hair, Ancestry.com and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1881 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2004), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1881&h=26100133&indiv=try), accessed 20th April 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG11, Piece: 4758, Folio: 46, Page: 36, GSU roll: 1342149.
201. "St James's Church, Sutton", www.geograph.org.uk (http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/266573),  Photographer: Stephen Horncastle, 24 October 2006, retrieved 20th April 2014.
202. Family Data, Photo of the Hair Women, passed down from Edward Davidson to his son Walter Davidson, to his grandson John Davidson and to his daughter, Ruth Hogan nee Davidson
203. Record for Sarah Elizth. Hartley, Ancestry.com and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1881 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2004), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1881&h=26101032&indiv=try), accessed 20th April 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG11, Piece: 4758, Folio: 65, Page: 24, GSU roll: 1342149.
204. Record for Sarah Elizabeth Hair, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Marriage Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDMarriage&indiv=try&h=12139158), accessed 20th April 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jan-Feb-Mar 1881, Volume 9d, Page 181.
205. Record for Amelia Jane Hartley, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=9390649&indiv=try), accessed 20th April 2014.
206. Record for Harry Hartley, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=9406616&indiv=try), accessed 20th April 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sept 1889, Volume 9d, Page 193.
207. Record for Sarah Hartley, Ancestry.com, 1911 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1911england&h=30232904&indiv=try), accessed 20th April 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG14, Piece: 28697. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Oct-Nov-Dec 1881, Volume 9d, Page 185.
208. Record for Henry Hartley, Ancestry.com, England & Wales, Death Index, 1916-2007 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2007), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=onsdeath93&h=16620554&indiv=try), accessed 20th April 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, March 1922, Volume 9d, Page 183.
209. Record for Sarah E Hartley, Ancestry.com, England & Wales, Death Index, 1916-2007 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2007), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=onsdeath93&h=31430997&indiv=try), accessed 20th April 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, June 1936, Volume 9d, Page 128.
210. Record for Thomas William Hair, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Death Index 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmddeath&h=14246161&indiv=try), accessed 24th April 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Oct-Nov-Dec 1882 Volume 9d, Page 121.
211. Record for Charles Hair, Ancestry.com, 1861 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1861&h=11921272&indiv=try), accessed 24th April 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG9, Piece: 3582, Folio: 108, Page: 11, GSU roll: 543156.
212. Record for Hannah Williams, Ancestry.com, 1891 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry,com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1891&h=17783035&indiv=try), accessed 24th April 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG12, Piece: 3930, Folio: 29, Page: 3, GSU roll: 6099040.
213. Record for Herbert Williams, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Marriage Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDMarriage&indiv=try&h=31546249), accessed 24th April 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Oct-Nov-Dec 1884, Volume 9d, Pg 270.
214. Record for Ethel Mary Williams, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=60528596&indiv=try), accessed 11th May 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1885, Volume 9d, Pg 224.
215. Record for Herbert Williams, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=60594835&indiv=try), accessed 11th May 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jan-Feb-Mar 1887, Volume 9d, Pg 202.
216. Record for Percival Williams, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=60756018&indiv=try), accessed 11th May 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Oct-Nov-Dec 1887, Volume 9d, Pg 22.
217. Record for Herbert Williams, Ancestry.com, England & Wales, National Probate Calendar (Index of Wills and Administrations), 1858-1966 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=ukprobatecal&h=3034067&indiv=try), accessed 11th May 2014. Documents also found at: 16th November 1914, Principle Probate Registry, Calendar of the Grants of Probate and Letters of Administration made in the Probate Registries of the High Court of Justice in England.
218. Record for Charles Hair, Ancestry.com, 1891 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1891&h=17801258&indiv=try), accessed 11th May 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG12, Piece: 3927, Folio: 48, Page: 6, GSU roll: 6099037.
219. Record for Mary Jane Hair, Ancestry.com, 1901 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1901&h=28712987&indiv=try), accessed 11th May 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG13, Piece: 4490, Folio: 18, Page: 28.
220. Record for Charles Hair, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Death Index 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmddeath&h=14245566&indiv=try), accessed 11th May 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1903, Volume 9d, Pg 73.
221. "A Brief History of Life Expectancy in Britain", www.localhistories.org (http://www.localhistories.org/life.html), accessed 11th May 2014.
222. Record for Esther Ann Brant, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=33646619&indiv=try), accessed 11th May 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1869, Volume 9d, Pg 141.
223. Record for Harry Hair, FreeBMD Marriage Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDMarriage&indiv=try&h=12138880), accessed 11th May 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jan-Feb-Mar 1890, Volume 9d, Pg 217.
224. Record for Harry Hair, Ancestry.com, 1891 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1891&h=134720&indiv=try), accessed 11th May 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG12, Piece: 4017, Folio: 94, Page: 19, GSU roll: 6099127.
225. Record for Harry Hair, Ancestry.com, 1911 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1911england&h=34807487&indiv=try), accessed 18th May 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG14, Piece: 29751.
226. Record for Harry Hair, Ancestry.com, 1901 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1901&h=29186687&indiv=try), accessed 18th May 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG14, Piece: 4585, Folio: 121, Page: 28.
227. Record for Catherine Hair, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=7878683&indiv=try), accessed 18th May 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jan-Feb-Mar 1893, Volume 9d, Pg 574.
228. Record for John Charles Hair,  FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=7879247&indiv=try), accessed 18th May 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Oct-Nov-Dec 1897, Volume 9d, Pg 592.
229. Record for John Charles Hair,  FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Death Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmddeath&h=14245886&indiv=try), accessed 18th May 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Apr-May-Jun 1898, Volume 9d, Pg 373.
230. Record for Fanny Brant Hair,  FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=7878902&indiv=try), accessed 18th May 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jan-Feb-Mar 1901, Volume 9d, Pg 625.
231. Record for Fanny Brant Hair,  FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Death Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmddeath&h=14245671&indiv=try), accessed 18th May 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Oct-Nov-Dec 1904, Volume 9d, Pg 347.
232. Record for Meggie Andison Hair,  FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=7879498&indiv=try), accessed 18th May 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep1903, Volume 9d, Pg 523.
233. Record for Harry Herbert Hair,  FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=7879068&indiv=try), accessed 18th May 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jan-Feb-Mar 1909, Volume 9d, Pg 507.
234. Record for Julia Hair, Ancestry.com, 1891 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1891&h=17759542&indiv=try), accessed 18th May 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG12, Piece: 3933, Folio: 56, Page: 28, GSU roll: 6099043.
235. Record for Julia Hair, Ancestry.com, 1911 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1911england&h=29446990&indiv=try), accessed 18th May 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG14, Piece: 28662.
236. Record for Julia Hair,  Ancestry.com, England & Wales, Death Index 1916-2006 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2007), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=onsdeath93&h=34497096&indiv=try), accessed 18th May 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Mar 1955, Volume 2a, Pg 107.
237. Record for Ann Maria Parsons, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=freebmdbirth&h=26667576&indiv=try), accessed 12th June 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Apr-May-Jun 1874, Volume 9d, Pg 519.
238. Record for William Hair, Ancestry.com, 1901 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1901&h=29194126&indiv=try), accessed 6th July 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG13, Piece: 4586, Folio: 104, Page: 35.
239. Record for William Hair, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Marriage Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDMarriage&indiv=try&h=12139225), accessed 6th July 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jan-Feb-Mar 1894, Volume 9d, Pg 828.
240. "A Guide to the World of Occupations: Blast-Furnaceman/woman",  www.occupationsguide.cz (http://www.occupationsguide.cz/en/povol/204.htm), accessed 6th July 2014.
241. Record for William Hair, Ancestry.com, 1911 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1911England&h=35910276&indiv=try), accessed 26th December 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG14, Piece: 29222.
242. Record for Emily Hair, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDBirth&h=7878865&indiv=try), accessed 27th December 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sept 1895, Volume 9d, Pg 614.
243. Record for Elizabeth Ann Hair, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDBirth&h=7878831&indiv=try), accessed 27th December 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Apr-May-Jun 1897, Volume 9d, Pg 599.
244. Record for Thomas William Hair, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDBirth&h=7879699&indiv=try), accessed 27th December 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jan-Feb-Mar 1899, Volume 9d, Pg 603.
245. Record for Harry Hair, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDBirth&h=7879064&indiv=try), accessed 27th December 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Apr-May-Jun 1900, Volume 9d, Pg 629.
246. Record for Doris Hair, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDBirth&h=7878739&indiv=try), accessed 27th December 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jan-Feb-Mar 1902, Volume 9d, Pg 610.
247. Record for Florence Annie Hair, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDBirth&h=7878920&indiv=try), accessed 27th December 2014. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sept 1903, Volume 9d, Pg 656.
248. Record for Violet Hair, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDBirth&h=7879715&indiv=try), accessed 2nd January 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sept 1908, Volume 9d, Pg 625.
249. Record for Violet Hair,  FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Death Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDDeath&h=14246167&indiv=try), accessed 2nd January 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Apr-May-Jun 1909, Volume 9d, Pg 384.
250. Record for Rose Hair, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDBirth&h=7879588&indiv=try), accessed 2nd January 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Oct-Nov-Dec 1909, Volume 9d, Pg 601.
251. Record for Edith Hair, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDBirth&h=7878760&indiv=try), accessed 2nd January 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1911, Volume 9d, Pg 1065.
252. Record for Charles E Hair, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDBirth&h=7878707&indiv=try), accessed 2nd January 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Apr-May-Jun 1914, Volume 9d, Pg 1059.
253. Record for Horace Hair, Ancestry.com, England & Wales, Birth Index, 1916-2005 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2008), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=ONSBirth84&h=46144257&indiv=try), accessed 2nd January 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1917, Volume 9d, Pg 735.
254. Record for Ann M Hair, Ancestry.com, England & Wales, Death Index, 1916-2007 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2007), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=ONSDeath93&h=31792018&indiv=try), accessed 2nd January 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Dec 1931, Volume 9d, Pg 601.
255. Record for William Hair, Ancestry.com, England & Wales, Death Index, 1916-2007 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2007), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=ONSDeath93&h=38232869&indiv=try), accessed 2nd January 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Dec 1953, Volume 2b, Pg 261.
256. Family Data, photo of William Hair & Ann Maria Hair nee Parsons, photo owned by John Watson, permission given to use photo 27th November 2012.
257. Record for Charles Hair, Ancestry.com, 1891 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1891&h=17802648&indiv=try), accessed 2nd January 2014. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG12; Piece: 3927; Folio 14; Page 22; GSU roll 6099037.
258. Record for Emily Hair, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Marriage Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDMarriage&indiv=try&h=21835327), accessed 4th January 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jan-Feb-Mar 1893, Volume 9d, Pg 228.
259. Record for Emily Parkin, 1901 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1901&h=28712281&indiv=try), accessed 4th January 2015. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG13; Piece: 4490; Folio: 6; Page: 3.
260. Record for Joseph Parkin, Ancestry.com, 1911 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1911England&h=30237770&indiv=try), accessed 4th January 2015. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG14; Piece: 28694.
261. Record for Emily Parkin, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDBirth&h=26483238&indiv=try), accessed 4th January 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Apr-May-Jun 1894, Volume 9d, Pg 197.
262. Record for Eva Mary Parkin, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDBirth&h=26484046&indiv=try), accessed 4th January 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Oct-Nov-Dec 1895, Volume 9d, Pg 203.
263. Record for Doris Parkin, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDBirth&h=26481050&indiv=try), accessed 4th January 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1897, Volume 9d, Pg 223.
264. "GENUKI: Hull Trades and Professions by Alphabetical Street (1892), Letter L", www.genuki.org.uk (http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/YKS/Misc/Transcriptions/ERY/Hull1892StreetsL.html), retrieved 25th January 2015.
265. "Kelly's Directory of N & E Ridings of Yorkshire, 1913. [Part 2: York & Hull]", Page 358, www. specialcollections.le.ac.uk (http://specialcollections.le.ac.uk/cdm/ref/collection/p16445coll4/id/64229), retrieved 25th January 2015. Other information - Title: Kelly's Directory of N & E Ridings of Yorkshire, 1913. [Part 2: York & Hull]; 10th Edition; Subject: Historical Directories; Period Covered: 1910-1919; Location: United Kingdom -- England --Yorkshire; Place (county): Yorkshire; Region: Yorkshire and the Humber; Identifier: BCL8025B; Language: English; Publisher: Kelly's Directories Ltd; Date of Publication: 1913; Page: 358. 
266. Record for Joseph Parkin, Ancestry.com, England & Wales, Death Index 1916-2007 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2007), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=ONSDeath93&h=20724979&indiv=try), accessed 25th January 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Mar 1919, Volume 9d, Pg 342.
267. Record for Emily Parkin, Ancestry.com, England & Wales, National Probate Calendar (Index of Wills and Administrations), 1858-1966 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=UKProbateCal&h=19288278&indiv=try), accessed 25th January 2015. Documents also found at: 23rd January 1953, Principle Probate Registry, Calendar of the Grants of Probate and Letters of Administration made in the Probate Registries of the High Court of Justice in England.
268. Record for James Hair, Ancestry.com, 1901 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1901&h=25655943&indiv=try), accessed 4th February 2015. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG13; Piece: 4011; Folio: 119; Page: 9.
269. Record for James Hair, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Marriage Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDMarriage&indiv=try&h=12138921), accessed 4th February 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Oct-Nov-Dec 1897, Volume 9d, Pg 399.
270. Record for Dorothy Hair, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDBirth&h=7878748&indiv=try), accessed 4th February 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1902, Volume 9d, Pg 198.
271. Record for James Hair, Ancestry.com, 1911 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1911England&h=30158756&indiv=try), accessed 4th February 2015. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG14; Piece: 28666.
272. Record for Edward Davidson, Ancestry.com, England & Wales, National Probate Calendar (Index of Wills and Administrations), 1858-1966 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=UKProbateCal&h=6035384&indiv=try), accessed 5th February 2015. Documents also found at: 16th February 1928, Principle Probate Registry, Calendar of the Grants of Probate and Letters of Administration made in the Probate Registries of the High Court of Justice in England.
273. Record for James Hair, Ancestry.com, England & Wales, National Probate Calendar (Index of Wills and Administrations), 1858-1966 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=UKProbateCal&h=19713415&indiv=try), accessed 5th February 2015. Documents also found at: 26th June 1954, Principle Probate Registry, Calendar of the Grants of Probate and Letters of Administration made in the Probate Registries of the High Court of Justice in England.
274. Record for Sarah Ann Hair, Ancestry.com, England & Wales, National Probate Calendar (Index of Wills and Administrations), 1858-1966 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=UKProbateCal&h=18598915&indiv=try), accessed 5th February 2015. Documents also found at: 28th March 1955, Principle Probate Registry, Calendar of the Grants of Probate and Letters of Administration made in the Probate Registries of the High Court of Justice in England.
275. Record for Dorothy Hair, Ancestry.com, England & Wales, Marriage Index, 1916-2005 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc, 2010), accessed 4th February 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Oct-Nov-Dec 1929, Volume 9d, Pg 319.
276. Record for Joseph S Hair, Ancestry.com, 1911 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1911England&h=39016998&indiv=try), accessed 7th February 2015. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG14; Piece: 28693.
277. Record for Frederick Hair, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Marriage Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDMarriage&indiv=try&h=12138824), accessed 7th February 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Oct-Nov-Dec 1910, Volume 9d, Pg 431.
278. "My Childhood Memories & Other Bits And Pieces", www.paul-gibson.com (http://www.paul-gibson.com/about-me/our-life-in-sculcoates.php), accessed 7th February 2015.
279. Record for Joseph S Hair, Ancestry.com, England & Wales, Death Index 1916-2006 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2007), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=ONSDeath93&h=27424296&indiv=try), accessed 7th February 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Dec 1945, Volume 9d, Pg 223.
280. Record for Marian Hair, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Death Index 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDDeath&h=14245967&indiv=try), accessed 7th February 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England & Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Apr-May-Jun 1912, Volume 9d, Page 225.
281. Record for Mary Hair, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Death Index 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDDeath&h=14246003&indiv=try), accessed 7th February 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England & Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1912, Volume 9d, Page 213.
282. Record for Frederick Hair, Ancestry.com, England & Wales, Death Index 1916-2006 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2007), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=ONSDeath93&h=28698907&indiv=try), accessed 7th February 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Mar 1949, Volume 2a, Pg 348.
283. Record for Charles Hair, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Death Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDDeath&h=14245562&indiv=try), accessed 14th March 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1892, Volume 9d, Pg 123.
284. Record for Thomas Harre, Ancestry.com, 1851 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1851&h=10965379&indiv=try), accessed 14th March 2015. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: HO107; Piece: 2360; Folio: 48; Page: 1; GSU roll: 87631-87632.
285. "Oil Seed Crushing", www.paul-gibson.com (http://www.paul-gibson.com/trade-and-industry/oil-seed-crushing.php), retrieved 14th March 2015.
286. Record for Charles Haine, 19th February 1832, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JQDR-DVV), accessed 10th April 2015. Charles Haine, 19 Feb 1832; citing Sculcoates, York, England, reference p17; FHL microfilm 919,400.
287. "Our Ancestor's Places of Worship: Saint Mary's Sculcoates, Hull, England", www.gilchrist.genproxy.co.uk (http://www.gilchrist.genproxy.co.uk/churches.htm#StMSculcoates), retrieved 10th April 2015.
288. "Hull and Hereabouts: St Mary's Cemetery, Air Street, Sculcoates", www.hullvalley.blogspot.co.uk (http://hullvalley.blogspot.co.uk/2012/07/st-marys-cemetery-air-street-sculcoates.html), accessed 12th April 2015.
289. "Find A Grave: St Mary Churchyard", www.findagrave.com (http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=cr&CRid=2476241), accessed 12th April 2015.
290. Record for Thomas Hare, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Death Index 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDDeath&h=14784489&indiv=try), accessed 12th April 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1885, Volume 9d, Pg 105.
291. Record for Thomas Haire, 1802, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NK7Q-J2H), accessed 12th April 2015. Further info: Thomas Haire, 1802; citing Hull, Yorkshire, England, reference - 2:2MW5XD5; FHL microfilm 990,828.
292. "Holy Trinity Church", www.visithullandeastyorkshire.com (http://www.visithullandeastyorkshire.com/Hull-Holy-Trinity-Church/details/?dms=3&venue=1580953), accessed 12th April 2015.
293. "Holy Trinity Church, Hull", www.wikipedia.org (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Trinity_Church,_Hull), accessed 12th April 2015.
294. "Holy Trinity Church, Hull (by David Wright - 2006 09 06", www.wikipedia.org (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Holy_Trinity_Church,_Hull_(by_David_Wright_-_2006_09_06).jpg), Author: David Wright, 6 Sept 2006, retrieved 12th April 2015.
295. Record for Thomas Hair, Ancestry.com, 1861 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1861&h=11889392&indiv=try), accessed 12th April 2015. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG 9; Piece: 3574; Folio: 94; Page: 42; GSU roll: 543154.
296. Record for Harriott Phillipsen, Ancestry.com, 1841 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc, 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1841&h=11740462&indiv=try), accessed 12th April 2015. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: HO107; Piece: 1231; Book: 13; Civil Parish: Holy Trinity; County: Yorkshire; Enumeration District: 21; Folio: 33; Page: 6; Line: 1; GSU roll: 464225.
297. Record for Harriet Phillipson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Marriage Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDMarriage&indiv=try&h=22562281), accessed 12th April 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Apr-May-Jun 1842, Volume 22, Pg 344.
298. Record for Thomas Harre, Ancestry.com, 1851 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1851&h=10965379&indiv=try), accessed 12th April 2015. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: HO107; Piece: 2360; Folio: 48; Page: 1; GSU roll: 87631-87632.
299. Record for Thomas Hann, Ancestry.com, 1841 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc, 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1841&h=11754366&indiv=try), accessed 12th April 2015. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: HO107; Piece: 1232; Book: 13; Civil Parish: Sculcoates; County: Yorkshire; Enumeration District: 12; Folio: 56; Page: 22; Line: 1; GSU roll: 464226.
300. "Parson's Family Tree: Sarah Seddon", www.ancestry.co.uk (http://trees.ancestry.co.uk/tree/52573104/person/13661523945?ssrc=&ml_rpos=2), accessed 17th April 2015.
301. Record for John Hare, 04 Oct 1829, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JWJ3-4S3), accessed 17th April 2015. Further info: John Hare, 04 Oct 1829; citing SCULCOATES, YORK,ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 0919438-440.
302. Record for John Hare, Ancestry.com, 1861 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1861&h=11980454&indiv=try), accessed 19th April 2015. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG 9; Piece: 3595; Folio: 69; Page: 32; GSU roll: 543158.
303. "Aspects of the Victorian Book", www.bl.uk (http://www.bl.uk/collections/early/victorian/pr_intro.html), accessed 19th April 2015.
304. Record for John Haire and Hannah Cook, 24 Feb 1853, England Marriages, 1538-1973, index, Family Search, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NN7R-7B8), accessed 19th April 2015. Further info: John Haire and Hannah Cook, 24 Feb 1852; citing Holy Trinity, Hull, York, England, reference Item 1 page 95; FHL microfilm 1,702,266.
305. Record for Eliza Haire, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDBirth&h=7880060&indiv=try), accessed 19th April 2015. Original Data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Oct-Nov-Dec 1853, Volume 9d, Pg 173.
306. Record for Thomas Haire, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDBirth&h=7880202&indiv=try), accessed 19th April 2015. Original Data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1857, Volume 9d, Pg 196.
307. Record for Anne Mary Haire, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDBirth&h=7880021&indiv=try), accessed 19th April 2015. Original Data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jan-Feb-Mar 1860, Volume 9d, Pg 217.
308. Record for John Richard Haire, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDBirth&h=7880141&indiv=try), accessed 19th April 2015. Original Data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jan-Feb-Mar 1862, Volume 9d, Pg 190.
309. Record for Emma Haire, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDBirth&h=7880079&indiv=try), accessed 19th April 2015. Original Data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1864, Volume 9d, Pg 194.
310. Record for Elizabeth Haire, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDBirth&h=7878813&indiv=try), accessed 19th April 2015. Original Data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Oct-Nov-Dec 1866, Volume 9d, Pg 192.
311. Record for Joseph Cook Haire, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDBirth&h=7880150&indiv=try), accessed 19th April 2015. Original Data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Apr-May-Jun 1873, Volume 9d, Pg 199.
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314. Record for Martha Hair, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Marriage Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDMarriage&indiv=try&h=12139060), accessed 20th April 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1856, Volume 9d, Pg 243.
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324. Record for Joseph Sinden Hair, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDBirth&h=7879318&indiv=try), accessed 22nd April 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Apr-May-Jun 1875, Volume 9d, Pg 174.
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326. Record for Sarah Siddons, 24 Jul 1801, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:J3KW-SXQ), accessed 23rd April 2015. Further info: Sarah Siddons, 24 Jul 1801; citing Holy Trinity, Hull, Yorkshire, England, reference ; FHL microfilm 990,828.
327. Record for John Seddon and Elizabeth Hall, 20 Dec 1789, England Marriages, 1538-1973, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:N2JC-P2Q), accessed 23rd April 2015. Further info: John Seddon and Elizabeth Hall, 20 Dec 1789; citing Saint Mary,Kingston Upon Hull,York,England, reference ; FHL microfilm 990,838.
328. Record for Mary Ann Seddons, 25 Dec 1790, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NR7Q-XVS), accessed 23rd April 2015. Further info: Mary Ann Seddons, 25 Dec 1790; citing SUTTON IN HOLDERNESS,YORK,ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 990,849.
329. Record for Harriot Seddon, 10 Oct 1792, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NRQY-7LT), accessed 24th April 2015. Further info: Harriot Seddon, 10 Oct 1792; citing HOLY TRINITY, KINGSTON UPON HULL, YORK, ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 990,828.
330. Record for Harriot Seddon, 22 Jun 1806, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:N5VX-MZL), accessed 24th April 2015. Further info: Harriot Seddon, 22 Jun 1806; citing SCULCOATES,YORK,ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 919,438.
331. Record for Sarah Siddon, 11 Oct 1794, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:J3KW-72C), accessed 24th April 2015. Further info: Sarah Seddon, 11 Oct 1794; citing HOLY TRINITY, KINGSTON UPON HULL, YORK, ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 990,828.
332. Record for Sarah Siddon, 24 May 1797, England Deaths and Burials, 1538-1991, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JD37-QPN), accessed 24th April 2015. Further info: Sarah Siddon, 24 May 1797; citing , reference V5; FHL microfilm 1,657,074.
333. Record for Charlotte Siddon, 23 Sep 1804, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:N5V6-LMZ), accessed 24th April 2015. Further info: Charlotte Siddon, 23 Sep 1804; citing SCULCOATES,YORK,ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 919,438.
334. Record for Charlotte Siddons, 26 Dec 1807, England Deaths and Burials, 1538-1991, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JD37-B56), accessed 24th April 2015. Further info: Charlotte Siddons, 26 Dec 1807;  citing , reference v5; FHL microfilm 1,657,074.
335. Record for John Siddon, 23 Sep 1804, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:N5V6-TLX), accessed 24th April 2015. Further info: John Siddon, 23 Sep 1804; citing SCULCOATES,YORK,ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 919,438.
336. Record for John Sedon, 07 Feb 1769, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:N15W-NZK), accessed 24th April 2015. Further info: John Sedon, 07 Feb 1769; citing SAINT MARY,KINGSTON UPON HULL,YORK,ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 990,838.
337. Record for John Seddon and Elizabeth Johnson, 02 Feb 1768, England Marriages, 1538-1973, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NJ2G-CMQ), accessed 24th April 2015. Further info: John Seddon and Elizabeth Johnson, 02 Feb 1768; citing Hull, York, England, reference ; FHL microfilm 990,828.
338. Record for Elizabeth Seddon, 07 Sep 1770, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NBDF-2M7), accessed 24th April 2015. Further info: Elizabeth Seddon, 07 Sep 1770; citing HOLY TRINITY, KINGSTON UPON HULL, YORK, ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 990,828.
339. Record for Harriot Seddon, 05 Nov 1780, England Deaths and Burials, 1538-1991, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JD33-RJY), accessed 24th April 2015. Further info: Harriot Seddon, 05 Nov 1780;  citing , reference V5, P286; FHL microfilm 1,657,074.
340. Record for Mordecai Seddon, 12 Nov 1780, England Deaths and Burials, 1538-1991, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JD33-R2Z), accessed 24th April 2015. Further info: Mordecai Seddon, 12 Nov 1780;  citing , reference V5, P286; FHL microfilm 1,657,074.
341. Record for Joseph Seddon, 1776, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NK7W-WXM), accessed 26th April 2015. Further info: Joseph Seddon, 1776; citing Hull, Yorkshire, England, reference -2:2FJ9N3W; FHL microfilm 990,828.
342. Record for Mordecai Seddon, 17 Apr 1785, England Deaths and Burials, 1538-1991, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JD34-929), accessed 26th April 2015. Further info: Mordecai Seddon, 17 Apr 1785;  citing , reference V5, P311; FHL microfilm 1,657,074.
343. "A Brief History of Life Expectancy in Britain" by Tim Lambert, www.localhistories.org (http://www.localhistories.org/life.html), accessed 26th April 2015.
344. Record for John Sedden, 03 Apr 1788, England Deaths and Burials, 1538-1991, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JD34-49H), accessed 26th April 2015. Further info: John Sedden, 03 Apr 1788; citing , reference V5, P336; FHL microfilm 1,657,074.
345. Record for John Seddon, 22 Jun 1746, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NP91-T32), accessed 26th April 2015. Further info: John Seddon, 22 Jun 1746; citing SAINT MARTIN AND SAINT GREGORY,YORK,YORK,ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 561,428.
346. Record for Mordecai Seddon, 08 Jun 1774, England Deaths and Burials, 1538-1991, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JD33-N4J), accessed 26th April 2015. Further info: Mordecai Seddon, 08 Jun 1774; citing , reference V5, P250; FHL microfilm 1,657,074.
347. Record for Mordecai Siddon and Ann Thompson, 31 Jul 1757, England Marriages, 1538-1973, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:N2J7-BXB), accessed 26th April 2015. Further info: Mordecai Siddon and Ann Thompson, 31 Jul 1757; citing Holy Trinity,Kingston Upon Hull, York, England, reference ; FHL microfilm 990,827.
348. Record for Mordecay Seadan and Dorothe Westerman, 06 Jan 1739, England Marriages, 1538-1973, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NVTJ-6HS), accessed 26th April 2015. Further info: Mordecay Seadan and Dorothe Westerman, 06 Jan 1739; citing Holy Trinity Micklegate,York,York, England, reference ; FHL microfilm 547,550, 561,428.
349. "Micklegate, York, Holy Trinity Church - geograph.org.uk - 241766.jpg", www.wikipedia.org (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Micklegate,_York,_Holy_Trinity_Church_-_geograph.org.uk_-_241766.jpg), Author: Bill Henderson, 2000, retrieved 26th April 2015.
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351. Record for William Sedon, 08 Feb 1741, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:V5G5-49J), accessed 26th April 2015. Further info: William Sedon, 08 Feb 1741; citing HOLY TRINITY MICKLEGATE,YORK,YORK,ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 942.74 Y1 V26BA.
352. Record for William Seddin, 07 Nov 1749, England Deaths and Burials, 1538-1991, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JD3H-7L8), accessed 26th April 2015. Further info: William Seddin, 07 Nov 1749; citing , reference v5, l1121, p298; FHL microfilm 1,657,074.
353. Record for Ann Sedin, 16 Jan 1743, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:V5G5-DSV), accessed 26th April 2015. Further info: Ann Sedin, 16 Jan 1743; citing , reference ; FHL microfilm 942.74 Y1 V26BA.
354. Record for Mordecay Sedon, 02 Dec 1744, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:V5G5-D91), accessed 26th April 2015. Further info: Mordecay Sedon, 02 Dec 1744; citing HOLY TRINITY MICKLEGATE,YORK,YORK,ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 942.74 Y1 V26BA.
355. Record for Elizabeth Seddon, 10 Apr 1747, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NP91-TF6), accessed 26th April 2015. Further info: Elizabeth Seddon, 10 Apr 1747; citing SAINT MARTIN AND SAINT GREGORY,YORK,YORK,ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 561,428.
356. Record for William Seddon, 25 Dec 1750, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NBDF-4LF), accessed 26th April 2015. Further info: William Seddon, 25 Dec 1750; citing HOLY TRINITY,KINGSTON UPON HULL,YORK,ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 990,827.
357. Record for Wm. Siddon, 23 Jun 1753, England Deaths and Burials, 1538-1991, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JD3H-ZZN), accessed 26th April 2015. Further info: Wm. Siddon, 23 Jun 1753; citing , reference v5, l1135, p312; FHL microfilm 1,657,074.
358. Record for Christopher Seden, 18 Feb 1753, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NRQT-MXC), accessed 26th April 2015. Further info: Christopher Seden, 18 Feb 1753; citing HOLY TRINITY,KINGSTON UPON HULL,YORK,ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 990,827.
359. Record for Christ. Siddon, 24 May 1753, England Deaths and Burials, 1538-1991, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JD3H-ZQV), accessed 26th April 2015. Further info: Christ. Siddon, 24 May 1753; citing , reference v5, l1134, p311; FHL microfilm 1,657,074.
360. Record for Mordecai Sedan and Elizebth Stephenson, 16 Nov 1738, England Marriages, 1538-1973, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NVTJ-6HM), accessed 26th April 2015. Further info: Mordecai Sedan and Elizebth Stephenson, 16 Nov 1738; citing Holy Trinity Micklegate,York,York, England, reference ; FHL microfilm 547,550, 561,428.
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363. Record for Mary Jane Hair, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Death Index 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDDeath&h=14246032&indiv=try), accessed 28th April 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1908, Volume 9d, Pg 137.
364. Record for Mary Jane Peacock, 06 Oct 1833, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JWD2-RF6), accessed 28th April 2015. Further info: Mary Jane Peacock, 06 Oct 1833; citing , reference ; FHL microfilm 0828134 (RG4 3709).
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370. Record for Ann Peacock, Ancestry.com, 1861 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1861&h=11990812&indiv=try), accessed 29th April 2015. Documents also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG 9; Piece: 3597; Folio: 89; Page: 1; GSU roll: 543159.
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372. Record for William Peacock and Ann Kay, 01 Feb 1829, England Marriages, 1538-1973, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:N2JZ-9QD), accessed 29th April 2015. Further info: William Peacock and Ann Kay, 01 Feb 1829; citing Saint Mary,Kingston Upon Hull,York,England, reference ; FHL microfilm 990,838.
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381. "File:St Peter St Paul Church Burton Pidsea.jpg", www.wikipedia.org  (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:St_Peter_St_Paul_Church_Burton_Pidsea.jpg), Author: Paul Glazzard, 27 June 2006, retrieved 30th April 2015.
382. Record for Margaret Norton, Ancestry.com, 1851 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1851&h=11036186&indiv=try), accessed 30th April 2015. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: HO107; Piece: 2363; Folio: 440; Page: 17; GSU roll: 87637-87639.
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385. Record for James Norton, 21 Sept 1828, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NVTN-DVC), accessed 30th April 2015. Further info: James Norton, 21 Sept 1828; citing Sculcoates, York, England, reference p 228; FHL microfilm 919,440.
386. Record for Anne Norton, 15 Jan 1837, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:J7BS-FH8), accessed 30th April 2015. Further info: Anne Norton, 15 Jan 1837; citing Drypool, York, England, reference ; FHL microfilm 919,452.
387. Record for Ralph Norton, 27 Sep 1839, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NBDF-BXP), accessed 30th April 2015. Further info: Ralph Norton, 27 Sep 1839; citing HOLY TRINITY,KINGSTON UPON HULL,YORK,ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 0990828-30, 919483.
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389. Record for Hannah Kay, 23 Nov 1799, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NBDG-H2L), accessed 30th April 2015. Further info: Hannah Kay, 23 Nov 1799; citing BURTON PIDSEA,YORK,ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 990,895.
390. Record for Ralph Kay, 08 Mar 1801, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NR7K-Q5G), accessed 30th April 2015. Further info: Ralph Kay, 08 Mar 1801; citing BURTON PIDSEA,YORK,ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 990,895.
391. Record for Ralph Kay and Ellen Campleman, 06 May 1824, England Marriages, 1538-1973, index, Family Search, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NJJ7-VQN), accessed 30th April 2015. Further info: Ralph Kay and Ellen Campleman, 06 May 1824; citing Sculcoates, York, England, reference p 175; FHL microfilm 919,440.
392. Record for Sarah Ann Kay, 02 Mar 1825, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:J9Q6-QKM), accessed 30th April 2015. Further info: Sarah Ann Kay, 02 Mar 1825; citing HOLY TRINITY,KINGSTON UPON HULL,YORK,ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 0990828-30, 919483.
393. Record for John Campleman Kay, 31 Jul 1830, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:N56T-1BF), accessed 30th April 2015. Further info: John Campleman Kay, 31 Jul 1830; citing SAINT PETER,LEEDS,YORK,ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 0918384-0918386.
394. Record for Hannah Kay, 06 May 1832, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:J73C-KJ3), accessed 30th April 2015. Further info: Hannah Kay, 06 May 1832; citing SAINT PETER,LEEDS,YORK,ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 0918387-0918389.
395. Record for Ellen Kay, 26 May 1834, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:J3FZ-2X6), accessed 30th April 2015. Further info: Ellen Kay, 26 May 1834; citing SAINT PETER,LEEDS,YORK,ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 0918387-0918389.
396. Record for Ralph Kay, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Death Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDDeath&h=19328135&indiv=try), accessed 30th April 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jan-Feb-Mar 1859, Volume 9b, Pg 204.
397. Record for Ralph Kay, Ancestry.com, 1841 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc, 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1841&h=12873660&indiv=try), accessed 30th April 2015. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: HO107; Piece 1345; Book: 1; Civil Parish: Hunslet Ward; County: Yorkshire; Enumeration District: 2; Folio: 31; Page: 15; Line: 4; GSU roll: 464288.
398. Record for Robert Kay, 24 Apr 1803, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NR7K-Q83), accessed 30th April 2015. Further info: Robert Kay, 24 Apr 1803; citing BURTON PIDSEA,YORK,ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 990,895.
399. Record for John Kay, 24 Apr 1806, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:J9Q2-QQ4), accessed 30th April 2015. Further info: John Kay, 24 Apr 1806; citing BURTON PIDSEA,YORK,ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 990,895.
400. Record for John Kay, Ancestry.com, 1841 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc, 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1841&h=14926191&indiv=try), accessed 30th April 2015. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: HO107; Piece 1346; Book: 2; Civil Parish: Leeds; County: Yorkshire; Enumeration District: 5; Folio: 33; Page: 23; Line: 1; GSU roll: 464289.
401. Record for John Kay, Ancestry.com, 1851 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1851&h=14230840&indiv=try), accessed 30th April 2015. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: HO107; Piece: 2342; Folio: 426; Page: 32; GSU roll: 87598-87600.
402. Record for John Kay, Ancestry.com, 1861 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1861&h=10545614&indiv=try), accessed 30th April 2015. Documents also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG 9; Piece: 3391; Folio: 50; Page: 14; GSU roll: 543124.
403. Record for Mary Jane Kay, 30 Nov 1808, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:J9Q2-3YC), accessed 30th April 2015. Further info: Mary Jane Kay, 30 Nov 1808; citing BURTON PIDSEA,YORK,ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 990,895.
404. Record for Sarah Kay, 01 Dec 1810, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NR7K-Q5Q), accessed 30th April 2015. Further info: Sarah Kay, 01 Dec 1810; citing BURTON PIDSEA,YORK,ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 990,895.
405. Record for William Kay, 29 Jan 1815, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JWK1-54H), accessed 30th April 2015. Further info: William Kay, 29 Jan 1815; citing BURTON PIDSEA,YORK,ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 990,895.
406. Record for William Kay, Ancestry.com, 1851 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1851&h=10968941&indiv=try), accessed 4th May 2015. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: HO107; Piece: 2360; Folio: 151; Page: 5; GSU roll: 87631-87632.
     
407. Record for William Kay, Ancestry.com, 1861 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1861&h=11954458&indiv=try), accessed 4th May 2015. Documents also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG 9; Piece: 3590; Folio: 29; Page: 19; GSU roll: 543157.
408. Record for David Kay, 25 Dec 1817, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NR7K-WLL), accessed 30th April 2015. Further info: David Kay, 25 Dec 1817; citing BURTON PIDSEA,YORK,ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 990,895.
409. Record for Ralph Kay and Hannah Ellis, 12 Oct 1794, England Marriages, 1538-1973, index, Family Search, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NXZ3-J5N), accessed 4th May 2015. Further info: Ralph Kay and Hannah Ellis, 12 Oct 1794; citing Kingston, York, England, reference 1; FHL microfilm 1,469,890.
410. Record for Ralph Kay, 02 May 1775, England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JMBY-1MC), accessed 4th May 2015. Further info: Ralph Kay, 02 May 1775; citing KEYINGHAM,YORK,ENGLAND, reference ; FHL microfilm 919,458.
411. Record for Hannah Kay, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Death Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDDeath&h=19319044&indiv=try), accessed 4th May 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1838, Volume 22, Pg 33.
412. Record for Ralph Kay, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Marriage Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDMarriage&indiv=try&h=16448431), accessed 4th May 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jul-Aug-Sep 1844, Volume 22, Pg 324.
413. Record for Ralph Kay, Ancestry.com, 1851 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1851&h=11038874&indiv=try), accessed 4th May 2015. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: HO107; Piece: 2363; Folio: 522; Page: 11; GSU roll: 87637-87639.
414. Record for Ralph Kay, 30 Jun 1853, England Deaths and Burials, 1538-1991, index, FamilySearch, www.familysearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JCBT-PN5), accessed 4th May 2015. Further info: Ralph Kay, 30 Jun 1853; citing , reference 109-865; FHL microfilm 1,657,075.
415. "The parish churches: Sculcoates Church", www.british-history.ac.uk (http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/yorks/east/vol1/pp287-311), accessed 4th May 2015.
416. "Domestic Worker", www.wikipedia.org (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domestic_worker), accessed 4th May 2015.
417. Record for Edward Davidson, Ancestry.com, 1891 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1891&h=17819091&indiv=try), accessed 4th May 2015. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG12; Piece: 3925; Folio 10; Page 13; GSU roll 6099035.
418. Record for Edward Davidson, Ancestry.com, 1901 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1901&h=28697278&indiv=try), accessed 4th May 2015. Documents also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG13; Piece: 4487; Folio: 8; Page: 8.
419. Record for Edward Davidson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDBirth&h=41250339&indiv=try), accessed 4th May 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes,  Jan-Feb-Mar 1886, Volume 9d, Pg 128.
420. Record for Walter Davidson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDBirth&h=41264595&indiv=try), accessed 4th May 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes,  Jul-Aug-Sep 1888, Volume 9d, Pg 290.
421. Record for William Robinson, Ancestry.com, 1891 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=uki1891&h=18917753&indiv=try), accessed 9th May 2015. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG12; Piece: 1399; Folio 84; Page 16; GSU roll 6096509.
422. Family Data, photo of Martha Davidson nee Hair and sons, Edward Davidson & Walter Davidson, passed down from Edward Davidson to his son Walter Davidson, to his grandson John Davidson and to his daughter, Ruth Hogan nee Davidson.
423. Family Data, photo of Edward Davidson, Martha Davidson nee Hair and sons, Edward Davidson & Walter Davidson, passed down from Edward Davidson to his son Walter Davidson, to his grandson John Davidson and to his daughter, Ruth Hogan nee Davidson.
424. Record for Edward Davidson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Marriage Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDMarriage&indiv=try&h=7302633), accessed 14th May 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jan-Feb-Mar 1909, Volume 9d, Pg 270.
425. Record for Walter Davidson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Marriage Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDMarriage&indiv=try&h=7310051), accessed 14th May 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Apr-May-Jun 1915, Volume 9d, Pg 657.
426. Family Data, Grant of Exclusive Right of Burial in Perpetuity, passed down from Martha Davidson nee Hair to her son Walter Davidson, to his grandson John Davidson and to his daughter, Ruth Hogan nee Davidson.
427. Record for Martha Davidson, Ancestry.com, England & Wales, National Probate Calendar (Index of Wills and Administrations), 1861-1941 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2010), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=UKProbateCal&h=783625&indiv=try), accessed 14th May 2015. Documents also found at: 16th October 1929, Principle Probate Registry, Calendar of the Grants of Probate and Letters of Administration made in the Probate Registries of the High Court of Justice in England.
428. "Hull & East Riding at War: 23rd February 1941", www.hullandeastridingatwar.co.uk (http://www.hullandeastridingatwar.co.uk/index.php/theblitz/raids1941/feb1941/23feb41), accessed 14th May 2015.
429. Record for Edward Davidson, Ancestry.com, 1911 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1911England&h=29962808&indiv=try), accessed 21st May 2015. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG14; Piece: 28585.
430. Record for Harriet E Davidson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Death Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDDeath&h=8557977&indiv=try), accessed 21st May 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Apr-May-Jun 1914, Volume 9d, Pg 243.
431. Record for Edward Davidson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Marriage Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDMarriage&indiv=try&h=7302641), accessed 21st May 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jan-Feb-Mar 1915, Volume 10a, Pg 899.
432. Record for Emma Davidson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDBirth&h=41251756&indiv=try), accessed 21st May 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes,  Jul-Aug-Sep 1915, Volume 10a, Pg 1313.
433. Record for Ethel Davidson, Ancestry.com, England & Wales, Birth Index, 1916-2005 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2008), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=ONSBirth84&h=46757631&indiv=try), accessed 21st May 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Oct-Nov-Dec 1918, Volume 10a, Pg 1148.
434. Family Data, photo of Edward Davidson and Ethel Davidson, passed down from Edward Davidson to his son Walter Davidson, to his grandson John Davidson and to his daughter, Ruth Hogan nee Davidson.
435. Family Data, photo of Edward Davidson in the Salvation Army Band, passed down from Edward Davidson to his son Walter Davidson, to his grandson John Davidson and to his daughter, Ruth Hogan nee Davidson.
436. Family documents, Walter Davidson's Attendance Certificate for Buckingham Street School, passed down from Walter Davidson, to his grandson John Davidson and to his daughter, Ruth Hogan nee Davidson.
437. Family documents, Walter Davidson's Attendance Certificate for Craven Street School, passed down from Walter Davidson, to his grandson John Davidson and to his daughter, Ruth Hogan nee Davidson.
438. "Buckingham Street Board School, 1889", www.wikipedia.org (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Buckingham_Street_Board_School_,_1889.jpg), Author: Smith Frederick Schultz (1860-1925) 1889, retrieved 21st May 2015.
439. Family Data, photo of Walter Davidson with his school class, passed down from Walter Davidson, to his grandson John Davidson and to his daughter, Ruth Hogan nee Davidson.
440. Family Data, photo of Walter Davidson with his work colleagues at Richard Wade & Sons 1911 Raven Street, passed down from Walter Davidson, to his grandson John Davidson and to his daughter, Ruth Hogan nee Davidson.
441. "The timber industry in Hull", www.paul-gibson.com (http://www.paul-gibson.com/trade-and-industry/the-timber-industry.php), accessed 31st May 2015.
442. Record for Walter James Parkinson, Ancestry.com, 1911 England Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1911England&h=31443944&indiv=try), accessed 31st May 2015. Document also found at: The National Archives, Class: RG14; Piece: 28669.
443. Record for Kate Parkinson, FreeBMD, England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=FreeBMDBirth&h=26525157&indiv=try), accessed 31st May 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes,  Apr-May-Jun 1892, Volume 9d, Pg 12.
444. Family Data, photo of Walter Davidson & Kate Parkinson's Wedding Party, passed down from Walter Davidson, to his grandson John Davidson and to his daughter, Ruth Hogan nee Davidson.
445. Record for Edward Davidson, Ancestry.com, England & Wales, Birth Index, 1916-2005 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2008), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=ONSBirth84&h=44528703&indiv=try), accessed 31st May 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Jan-Feb-Mar 1916, Volume 9d, Pg 372.
446. Family Data, Verbal memories of their childhood, information collected in interviews with Ruth Hogan.
447. Family Data, Bowling Club Card from East Hull United Bowling Club, passed down from Walter Davidson, to his grandson John Davidson and to his daughter, Ruth Hogan nee Davidson.
448. "Kirkstall", www.wikipedia.org (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirkstall), accessed 7th June 2015.
449. "Kirkstall Abbey Kirche von Osten.jpg", www.wikipedia.org (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kirkstall_Abbey_Kirche_von_Osten.jpg), User: Jungpionier, 30 April 2006, accessed 7th June 2015.
450. Family Data, Bridlington "snaps" 1952, photo of Walter Davidson & eldest sons, passed down from Walter Davidson, to his grandson John Davidson and to his daughter, Ruth Hogan nee Davidson.
451. Family Data, Bridlington 1965, photo of Walter & Kate Davidson, passed down from Walter Davidson, to his grandson John Davidson and to his daughter, Ruth Hogan nee Davidson.
452. Record for Walter Davidson, Ancestry.com, England & Wales, Death Index 1916-2005 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2007), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=ONSDeath93&h=44170857&indiv=try), accessed 7th June 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Sep 1969, Volume 2d, Pg 1430.
453. Record for Kate Davidson, Ancestry.com, England & Wales, Death Index 1916-2005 (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2007), www.ancestry.co.uk (http://search.ancestry.co.uk/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=ONSDeath93&h=40053840&indiv=try), accessed 7th June 2015. Original data: General Register Office, England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes, Dec 1970, Volume 2d, Pg 1634.
454. Photo of the Gravestone of Walter & Kate Davidson, Photographer & Owner: Ruth Hogan, Taken: September 2014.